Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Paul Bernays, Gottfried Leibniz and Penelope Mackie

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4 ideas

1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 1. Nature of Wisdom
Wisdom is the science of happiness [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: Wisdom is the science of happiness.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (Letters to Antoine Arnauld [1686], 1690.03.23)
     A reaction: That probably comes down to common sense, or Aristotle's 'phronesis'. I take wisdom to involve understanding, as well as the quest for happiness.
Wisdom is knowing all of the sciences, and their application [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: Wisdom is a perfect knowledge of the principles of all the sciences and of the art of applying them.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (On Wisdom [1693], 0)
     A reaction: 'Sciences' should be understood fairly broadly here (e.g. of architecture, agriculture, grammar). This is a scholar's vision of wisdom, very different from the notion of the wisest person in a village full of illiterate people.
Wisdom involves the desire to achieve perfection [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: The wiser one is, the more one is determined to do that which is most perfect.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (On the Ultimate Origination of Things [1697], p.151)
     A reaction: Debatable. 'Perfectionism' is a well-known vice in many areas of life. Life is short, and the demands on us are many. Skilled shortcuts and compromises are one hallmark of genius, and presumably also of wisdom.
1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 2. Wise People
Wise people have fewer acts of will, because such acts are linked together [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: The wiser one is, the fewer separate acts of will one has and the more one's views and acts of will are comprehensive and linked together.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (Letters to Antoine Arnauld [1686], 1686.04.12)
     A reaction: [letter to Landgrave, about Arnauld] It is unusual to find a philosopher who actually tries to analyse the nature of wisdom, instead of just paying lipservice to it. I take Leibniz to be entirely right here. He equates wisdom with rational behaviour.