Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Jeremy Bentham, PG and Jonathan Barnes
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196 ideas
1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 3. Greek-English Lexicon
11301
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Aisthesis: perception, sensation, consciousness [PG]
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11302
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Aitia / aition: cause, explanation [PG]
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11303
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Akrasia: lack of control, weakness of will [PG]
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11304
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Aletheia: truth [PG]
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11305
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Anamnesis: recollection, remembrance [PG]
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11306
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Ananke: necessity [PG]
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11307
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Antikeimenon: object [PG]
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11375
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Apatheia: unemotional [PG]
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11308
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Apeiron: the unlimited, indefinite [PG]
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11376
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Aphairesis: taking away, abstraction [PG]
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11309
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Apodeixis: demonstration [PG]
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11310
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Aporia: puzzle, question, anomaly [PG]
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11311
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Arche: first principle, the basic [PG]
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11312
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Arete: virtue, excellence [PG]
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11313
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Chronismos: separation [PG]
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11314
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Diairesis: division [PG]
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11315
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Dialectic: dialectic, discussion [PG]
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11316
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Dianoia: intellection [cf. Noesis] [PG]
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11317
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Diaphora: difference [PG]
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11318
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Dikaiosune: moral goodness, justice [PG]
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11319
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Doxa: opinion, belief [PG]
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11320
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Dunamis: faculty, potentiality, capacity [PG]
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11321
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Eidos: form, idea [PG]
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11322
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Elenchos: elenchus, interrogation [PG]
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11323
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Empeiron: experience [PG]
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11324
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Energeia: employment, actuality, power? [PG]
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11325
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Enkrateia: control [PG]
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11326
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Entelecheia: entelechy, having an end [PG]
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11327
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Epagoge: induction, explanation [PG]
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11328
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Episteme: knowledge, understanding [PG]
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11329
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Epithumia: appetite [PG]
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11330
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Ergon: function [PG]
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11331
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Eristic: polemic, disputation [PG]
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11333
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Eudaimonia: flourishing, happiness, fulfilment [PG]
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11334
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Genos: type, genus [PG]
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11335
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Hexis: state, habit [PG]
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11336
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Horismos: definition [PG]
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11338
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Hupokeimenon: subject, underlying thing [cf. Tode ti] [PG]
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11339
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Kalos / kalon: beauty, fineness, nobility [PG]
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11340
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Kath' hauto: in virtue of itself, essentially [PG]
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11341
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Kinesis: movement, process [PG]
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11342
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Kosmos: order, universe [PG]
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11343
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Logos: reason, account, word [PG]
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11344
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Meson: the mean [PG]
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11345
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Metechein: partaking, sharing [PG]
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11377
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Mimesis: imitation, fine art [PG]
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11347
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Noesis: intellection, rational thought [cf. Dianoia] [PG]
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11348
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Nomos: convention, law, custom [PG]
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11349
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Nous: intuition, intellect, understanding [PG]
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11350
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Orexis: desire [PG]
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11351
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Ousia: substance, (primary) being, [see 'Prote ousia'] [PG]
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11352
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Pathos: emotion, affection, property [PG]
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11353
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Phantasia: imagination [PG]
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11354
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Philia: friendship [PG]
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11355
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Philosophia: philosophy, love of wisdom [PG]
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11356
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Phronesis: prudence, practical reason, common sense [PG]
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11357
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Physis: nature [PG]
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11358
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Praxis: action, activity [PG]
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11359
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Prote ousia: primary being [PG]
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11360
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Psuche: mind, soul, life [PG]
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11361
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Sophia: wisdom [PG]
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11362
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Sophrosune: moderation, self-control [PG]
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11363
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Stoicheia: elements [PG]
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11364
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Sullogismos: deduction, syllogism [PG]
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11365
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Techne: skill, practical knowledge [PG]
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11366
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Telos: purpose, end [PG]
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11367
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Theoria: contemplation [PG]
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11369
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Ti esti: what-something-is, essence [PG]
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11370
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Timoria: vengeance, punishment [PG]
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11371
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To ti en einai: essence, what-it-is-to-be [PG]
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11372
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To ti estin: essence [PG]
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11373
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Tode ti: this-such, subject of predication [cf. hupokeimenon] [PG]
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1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 2. Ancient Philosophy / a. Ancient chronology
11461
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323 (roughly): Euclid wrote 'Elements', summarising all of geometry [PG]
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11390
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1000 (roughly): Upanishads written (in Sanskrit); religious and philosophical texts [PG]
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11391
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750 (roughly): the Book of Genesis written by Hebrew writers [PG]
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11392
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586: eclipse of the sun on the coast of modern Turkey was predicted by Thales of Miletus [PG]
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11395
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570: Anaximander flourished in Miletus [PG]
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11396
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563: the Buddha born in northern India [PG]
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11398
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540: Lao Tzu wrote 'Tao Te Ching', the basis of Taoism [PG]
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11400
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529: Pythagoras created his secretive community at Croton in Sicily [PG]
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11403
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500: Heraclitus flourishes at Ephesus, in modern Turkey [PG]
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11404
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496: Confucius travels widely, persuading rulers to be more moral [PG]
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11408
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472: Empedocles persuades his city (Acragas in Sicily) to become a democracy [PG]
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11412
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450 (roughly): Parmenides and Zeno visit Athens from Italy [PG]
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11414
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445: Protagoras helps write laws for the new colony of Thurii [PG]
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11417
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436 (roughly): Anaxagoras is tried for impiety, and expelled from Athens [PG]
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11421
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427: Gorgias visited Athens as ambassador for Leontini [PG]
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11425
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399: Socrates executed (with Plato absent through ill health) [PG]
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11432
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387 (roughly): Plato returned to Athens, and founded the Academy [PG]
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11433
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387 (roughly): Aristippus the Elder founder a hedonist school at Cyrene [PG]
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11440
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367: the teenaged Aristotle came to study at the Academy [PG]
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11443
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360 (roughly): Diogenes of Sinope lives in a barrel in central Athens [PG]
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11445
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347: death of Plato [PG]
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11454
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343: Aristotle becomes tutor to 13 year old Alexander (the Great) [PG]
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11456
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335: Arisotle founded his school at the Lyceum in Athens [PG]
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11459
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330 (roughly): Chuang Tzu wrote his Taoist book [PG]
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11465
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322: Aristotle retired to Chalcis, and died there [PG]
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11468
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307 (roughly): Epicurus founded his school at the Garden in Athens [PG]
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11470
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301 (roughly): Zeno of Citium founded Stoicism at the Stoa Poikile in Athens [PG]
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11483
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261: Cleanthes replaced Zeno as head of the Stoa [PG]
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11486
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229 (roughly): Chrysippus replaced Cleanthes has head of the Stoa [PG]
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11492
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157 (roughly): Carneades became head of the Academy [PG]
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11509
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85: most philosophical activity moves to Alexandria [PG]
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11513
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78: Cicero visited the stoic school on Rhodes [PG]
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11516
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60 (roughly): Lucretius wrote his Latin poem on epicureanism [PG]
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11528
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65: Seneca forced to commit suicide by Nero [PG]
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11531
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80: the discourses of the stoic Epictetus are written down [PG]
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11535
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170 (roughly): Marcus Aurelius wrote his private stoic meditations [PG]
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11537
|
-200 (roughly): Sextus Empiricus wrote a series of books on scepticism [PG]
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11541
|
263: Porphyry began to study with Plotinus in Rome [PG]
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11545
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310: Christianity became the official religion of the Roman empire [PG]
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11549
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387: Ambrose converts Augustine to Christianity [PG]
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11555
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523: Boethius imprisoned at Pavia, and begins to write [PG]
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11557
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529: the emperor Justinian closes all the philosophy schools in Athens [PG]
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1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 3. Earlier European Philosophy / a. Earlier European chronology
11558
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622 (roughly): Mohammed writes the Koran [PG]
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11559
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642: Arabs close the philosophy schools in Alexandria [PG]
|
11560
|
910 (roughly): Al-Farabi wrote Arabic commentaries on Aristotle [PG]
|
11562
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1015 (roughly): Ibn Sina (Avicenna) writes a book on Aristotle [PG]
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11564
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1090: Anselm publishes his proof of the existence of God [PG]
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11566
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1115: Abelard is the chief logic teacher in Paris [PG]
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11573
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1166: Ibn Rushd (Averroes) wrote extensive commentaries on Aristotle [PG]
|
11581
|
1266: Aquinas began writing 'Summa Theologica' [PG]
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11586
|
1280: after his death, the teaching of Aquinas becomes official Dominican doctrine [PG]
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11591
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1328: William of Ockham decides the Pope is a heretic, and moves to Munich [PG]
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17916
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1347: the Church persecutes philosophical heresies [PG]
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11593
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1470: Marsilio Ficino founds a Platonic Academy in Florence [PG]
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11596
|
1513: Machiavelli wrote 'The Prince' [PG]
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11599
|
1543: Copernicus publishes his heliocentric view of the solar system [PG]
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11601
|
1580: Montaigne publishes his essays [PG]
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11607
|
1600: Giordano Bruno was burned at the stake in Rome [PG]
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1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 4. Later European Philosophy / a. Later European chronology
11613
|
1619: Descartes's famous day of meditation inside a stove [PG]
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11614
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1620: Bacon publishes 'Novum Organum' [PG]
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11619
|
1633: Galileo convicted of heresy by the Inquisition [PG]
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11623
|
1641: Descartes publishes his 'Meditations' [PG]
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11626
|
1650: death of Descartes, in Stockholm [PG]
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11627
|
1651: Hobbes publishes 'Leviathan' [PG]
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11633
|
1662: the Port Royal Logic is published [PG]
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11634
|
1665: Spinoza writes his 'Ethics' [PG]
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11643
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1676: Leibniz settled as librarian to the Duke of Brunswick [PG]
|
11649
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1687: Newton publishes his 'Principia Mathematica' [PG]
|
11652
|
1690: Locke publishes his 'Essay' [PG]
|
11654
|
1697: Bayle publishes his 'Dictionary' [PG]
|
11659
|
1713: Berkeley publishes his 'Three Dialogues' [PG]
|
11666
|
1734: Voltaire publishes his 'Philosophical Letters' [PG]
|
11667
|
1739: Hume publishes his 'Treatise' [PG]
|
11675
|
1762: Rousseau publishes his 'Social Contract' [PG]
|
11682
|
1781: Kant publishes his 'Critique of Pure Reason' [PG]
|
11683
|
1785: Reid publishes his essays defending common sense [PG]
|
11687
|
1798: the French Revolution [PG]
|
11694
|
1807: Hegel publishes his 'Phenomenology of Spirit' [PG]
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11701
|
1818: Schopenhauer publishes his 'World as Will and Idea' [PG]
|
11710
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1840: Kierkegaard is writing extensively in Copenhagen [PG]
|
11713
|
1843: Mill publishes his 'System of Logic' [PG]
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11715
|
1848: Marx and Engels publis the Communist Manifesto [PG]
|
11717
|
1859: Darwin publishes his 'Origin of the Species' [PG]
|
11721
|
1861: Mill publishes 'Utilitarianism' [PG]
|
11724
|
1867: Marx begins publishing 'Das Kapital' [PG]
|
1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 5. Modern Philosophy / a. Modern philosophy chronology
11733
|
1879: Peirce taught for five years at Johns Hopkins University [PG]
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17907
|
1879: Frege invents predicate logic [PG]
|
17909
|
1892: Frege's essay 'Sense and Reference' [PG]
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17908
|
1884: Frege publishes his 'Foundations of Arithmetic' [PG]
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11735
|
1885: Nietzsche completed 'Thus Spake Zarathustra' [PG]
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17911
|
1888: Dedekind publishes axioms for arithmetic [PG]
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11740
|
1890: James published 'Principles of Psychology' [PG]
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11742
|
1895 (roughly): Freud developed theories of the unconscious [PG]
|
11745
|
1900: Husserl began developing Phenomenology [PG]
|
11746
|
1903: Moore published 'Principia Ethica' [PG]
|
11747
|
1904: Dewey became professor at Columbia University [PG]
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17910
|
1908: Zermelo publishes axioms for set theory [PG]
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11752
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1910: Russell and Whitehead begin publishing 'Principia Mathematica' [PG]
|
11756
|
1912: Russell meets Wittgenstein in Cambridge [PG]
|
11762
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1921: Wittgenstein's 'Tractatus' published [PG]
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11765
|
1927: Heidegger's 'Being and Time' published [PG]
|
11768
|
1930: Frank Ramsey dies at 27 [PG]
|
11770
|
1931: Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems [PG]
|
11773
|
1933: Tarski's theory of truth [PG]
|
11783
|
1942: Camus published 'The Myth of Sisyphus' [PG]
|
11784
|
1943: Sartre's 'Being and Nothingness' [PG]
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11787
|
1945: Merleau-Ponty's 'Phenomenology of Perception' [PG]
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17918
|
1947: Carnap published 'Meaning and Necessity' [PG]
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11794
|
1950: Quine's essay 'Two Dogmas of Empiricism' [PG]
|
17917
|
1953: Wittgenstein's 'Philosophical Investigations' [PG]
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17919
|
1956: Place proposed mind-brain identity [PG]
|
11804
|
1962: Kuhn's 'Structure of Scientific Revolutions' [PG]
|
17921
|
1967: Putnam proposed functionalism of the mind [PG]
|
11808
|
1971: Rawls's 'A Theory of Justice' [PG]
|
11810
|
1972: Kripke publishes 'Naming and Necessity' [PG]
|
11813
|
1975: Singer publishes 'Animal Rights' [PG]
|
17920
|
1975: Putnam published his Twin Earth example [PG]
|
11820
|
1986: David Lewis publishes 'On the Plurality of Worlds' [PG]
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1. Philosophy / F. Analytic Philosophy / 5. Linguistic Analysis
4465
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Note that "is" can assert existence, or predication, or identity, or classification [PG]
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