Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Anaxarchus, Baruch de Spinoza and Thomas Mautner

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2 ideas

10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / a. Transworld identity
A horse would be destroyed if it were changed into a man or an insect [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: A horse would as much be destroyed if it were changed into a man as if it were changed into an insect.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], IV Pref)
     A reaction: He has been referring to essences of things. What if a shire horse is changed into a Shetland pony? If you watched the horse transmute, it would be continuous in a way that two separate creatures are not. Some sort of sameness there.
10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 3. Transworld Objects / e. Possible Objects
A thing is contingent if nothing in its essence determines whether or not it exists [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: I call individual things contingent in so far as we discover nothing, whilst we attend to their essence alone, which necessarily posits their existence or which necessarily excludes it.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], IV Def 3)
     A reaction: So something could have an essence which determined that it could not exist, which is presumably a contradiction. That's a very strange sort of essence. Presumably all intrinsically contradictory essences are in some way the same.