Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Hermarchus, Heraclitus and Bertrand Russell

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2 ideas

10. Modality / E. Possible worlds / 1. Possible Worlds / a. Possible worlds
If something is true in all possible worlds then it is logically necessary [Russell]
     Full Idea: Saying that the axiom of reducibility is logically necessary is what would be meant by saying that it is true in all possible worlds.
     From: Bertrand Russell (Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy [1919], XVII)
     A reaction: This striking remark is a nice bridge between Leibniz (about whom Russell wrote a book) and Kripke.
In any possible world we feel that two and two would be four [Russell]
     Full Idea: In any possible world we feel that two and two would be four.
     From: Bertrand Russell (Problems of Philosophy [1912], Ch. 7)
     A reaction: Thinking of necessity in terms of possible worlds is not a new invention, but then Russell was a keen fan of Leibniz. Suppose there were no world at all, and only one truth, namely that two and two make five? (No, I can't make sense of that!)