Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Archimedes, Michael Tooley and Martin Kusch
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13 ideas
13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 2. Causal Justification
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Cultures decide causal routes, and they can be critically assessed [Kusch]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 3. Reliabilism / a. Reliable knowledge
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Process reliabilism has been called 'virtue epistemology', resting on perception, memory, reason [Kusch]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 6. Contextual Justification / a. Contextualism
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Justification depends on the audience and one's social role [Kusch]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 7. Testimony
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Testimony does not just transmit knowledge between individuals - it actually generates knowledge [Kusch]
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10325
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Vindicating testimony is an expression of individualism [Kusch]
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10327
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Some want to reduce testimony to foundations of perceptions, memories and inferences [Kusch]
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10329
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Testimony won't reduce to perception, if perception depends on social concepts and categories [Kusch]
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A foundation is what is intelligible, hence from a rational source, and tending towards truth [Kusch]
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10336
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Powerless people are assumed to be unreliable, even about their own lives [Kusch]
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10334
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Testimony is an area in which epistemology meets ethics [Kusch]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 8. Social Justification
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Myths about lonely genius are based on epistemological individualism [Kusch]
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10323
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Communitarian Epistemology says 'knowledge' is a social status granted to groups of people [Kusch]
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10348
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Private justification is justification to imagined other people [Kusch]
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