Combining Philosophers

Ideas for B Hale / C Wright, Jonathan Kvanvig and Ren Descartes

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24 ideas

13. Knowledge Criteria / A. Justification Problems / 1. Justification / c. Defeasibility
19567 The 'defeasibility' approach says true justified belief is knowledge if no undermining facts could be known [Kvanvig]
13. Knowledge Criteria / A. Justification Problems / 3. Internal or External / a. Pro-internalism
19679 'Access' internalism says responsibility needs access; weaker 'mentalism' needs mental justification [Kvanvig]
13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 1. Epistemic virtues
19730 Epistemic virtues: love of knowledge, courage, caution, autonomy, practical wisdom... [Kvanvig]
19731 If epistemic virtues are faculties or powers, that doesn't explain propositional knowledge [Kvanvig]
19732 The value of good means of attaining truth are swamped by the value of the truth itself [Kvanvig]
13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / a. Foundationalism
24021 The method starts with clear intuitions, followed by a process of deduction [Descartes]
3606 I was searching for reliable rock under the shifting sand [Descartes]
2247 To achieve good science we must rebuild from the foundations [Descartes]
2255 Only one certainty is needed for progress (like a lever's fulcrum) [Descartes]
19678 Strong foundationalism needs strict inferences; weak version has induction, explanation, probability [Kvanvig]
13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / b. Basic beliefs
5004 We can know basic Principles without further knowledge, but not the other way round [Descartes]
13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 3. Reliabilism / b. Anti-reliabilism
19570 Reliabilism cannot assess the justification for propositions we don't believe [Kvanvig]
13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 1. Scepticism
2251 Even if my body and objects are imaginary, there may be simpler things which are true [Descartes]
6347 Descartes can't begin again, because sceptics doubt cognitive processes as well as beliefs [Pollock/Cruz on Descartes]
13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 3. Illusion Scepticism
2296 If pain is felt in a lost limb, I cannot be certain that a felt pain exists in my real limbs [Descartes]
3620 We correct sense errors with other senses, not intellect [Mersenne on Descartes]
3619 The senses can only report, so perception errors are in the judgment [Gassendi on Descartes]
2249 It is prudent never to trust your senses if they have deceived you even once [Descartes]
3621 Only judgement decides which of our senses are reliable [Descartes]
13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 4. Demon Scepticism
2253 God may have created nothing, but made his creation appear to me as it does now [Descartes]
2254 To achieve full scepticism, I imagine a devil who deceives me about the external world and my own body and senses [Descartes]
13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 5. Dream Scepticism
2305 Waking actions are joined by memory to all our other actions, unlike actions of which we dream [Descartes]
13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 6. Scepticism Critique
3604 When rebuilding a house, one needs alternative lodgings [Descartes]
2294 I can only sense an object if it is present, and can't fail to sense it when it is [Descartes]