Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Lycophron, Hilary Putnam and David Hume
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16 ideas
13. Knowledge Criteria / A. Justification Problems / 3. Internal or External / a. Pro-internalism
604
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Knowledge is mind and knowing 'cohabiting' [Lycophron, by Aristotle]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / c. Empirical foundations
2206
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Reasons for belief must eventually terminate in experience, or they are without foundation [Hume]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / f. Foundationalism critique
2235
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There is no certain supreme principle, or infallible rule of inference [Hume]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 7. Testimony
10328
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We think testimony matches reality because of experience, not some a priori connection [Hume]
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2230
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Good testimony needs education, integrity, motive and agreement [Hume, by PG]
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6273
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Knowledge depends on believing others, which must be innate, as inferences are not strong enough [Putnam]
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6274
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Empathy may not give knowledge, but it can give plausibility or right opinion [Putnam]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 8. Social Justification
12417
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Mathematicians only accept their own proofs when everyone confims them [Hume]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 1. Scepticism
2238
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Reason can never show that experiences are connected to external objects [Hume]
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2242
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Mitigated scepticism draws attention to the limitations of human reason, and encourages modesty [Hume]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 2. Types of Scepticism
2243
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Mitigated scepticism sensibly confines our enquiries to the narrow capacity of human understanding [Hume]
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5548
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Hume became a total sceptic, because he believed that reason was a deception [Hume, by Kant]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 3. Illusion Scepticism
2236
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Examples of illusion only show that sense experience needs correction by reason [Hume]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 6. Scepticism Critique
2241
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The main objection to scepticism is that no good can come of it [Hume]
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2240
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It is a very extravagant aim of the sceptics to destroy reason and argument by means of reason and argument [Hume]
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13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 6. Relativism Critique
7620
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Some kind of objective 'rightness' is a presupposition of thought itself [Putnam]
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