Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Bryan van Norden, Ludwig Wittgenstein and A.J. Ayer

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11 ideas

14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification
19464 We only discard a hypothesis after one failure if it appears likely to keep on failing [Ayer]
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 3. Instrumentalism
17665 The 'Tractatus' is instrumentalist about laws of nature [Wittgenstein, by Armstrong]
14. Science / C. Induction / 2. Aims of Induction
2941 Induction accepts the simplest law that fits our experiences [Wittgenstein]
5190 The induction problem is to prove generalisations about the future based on the past [Ayer]
19462 Induction passes from particular facts to other particulars, or to general laws, non-deductively [Ayer]
14. Science / C. Induction / 3. Limits of Induction
5191 We can't use the uniformity of nature to prove induction, as that would be circular [Ayer]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 1. Explanation / b. Aims of explanation
18721 Explanation and understanding are the same [Wittgenstein]
18720 Explanation gives understanding by revealing the full multiplicity of the thing [Wittgenstein]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / e. Lawlike explanations
17673 The modern worldview is based on the illusion that laws explain nature [Wittgenstein]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / i. Explanations by mechanism
18716 A machine strikes us as being a rule of movement [Wittgenstein]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 3. Best Explanation / a. Best explanation
18713 If an explanation is good, the symbol is used properly in the future [Wittgenstein]