Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Derek Parfit, Jonathan Wolff and Friedrich Nietzsche

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7 ideas

16. Persons / C. Self-Awareness / 2. Knowing the Self
Just as skin hides the horrors of the body, vanity conceals the passions of the soul [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Just as the bones, flesh, intestines, and blood vessels are enclosed with skin, which makes the sight of a man bearable, so the stirrings and passions of the soul are covered up by vanity: it is the skin of the soul.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Human, All Too Human [1878], 082)
     A reaction: What a glorious analogy! None of us should underestimate our vanity. The least vain people you ever meet can reveal their vanity if you challenge them close to home. Try accusing them of vanity! Attack their essential character! (No, don't do that).
Things are the boundaries of humanity, so all things must be known, for self-knowledge [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Only when the human being has finally attained knowledge of all things will he have known himself. For things are merely the boundaries of the human being.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Dawn (Daybreak) [1881], 048)
     A reaction: This seems to be a rather externalist view of the mind. If philosophy aims to disentangle mind from world then good knowledge of the world seems to be required.
Our knowledge of the many drives that constitute us is hopelessly incomplete [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: No matter how hard a person struggles for self-knowledge, nothing can be more incomplete than the image of all the drives taken together than constitute his being.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Dawn (Daybreak) [1881], 119)
     A reaction: This gives the concept of personal identity that arises from the (later) doctrine of the 'will to power'. It is a bundle view of the self, but a bundle of drives rather than of percepts and mental events. His view is close to Hume's.
Great self-examination is to become conscious of oneself not as an individual, but as mankind [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Tremendous self-examination: becoming conscious of oneself, not as an individual but as mankind.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (The Will to Power (notebooks) [1888], §575)
     A reaction: A lovely thought, which illustrates the fact that it is hard to be introspective without bringing an agenda to the process.
16. Persons / C. Self-Awareness / 3. Limits of Introspection
'Know thyself' is impossible and ridiculous [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: "Everybody is farthest away - from himself"; and the maxim "know thyself" addressed to human beings by a god, is almost malicious.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (The Gay (Joyful) Science [1882], §335)
     A reaction: Expressed with characteristcally Nietzschean brio, but I couldn't agree more, and it is a very important truth. You can only require full self-knowledge if the whole mind is available to be known, and that isn't even remotely the case.
A cognitive mechanism wanting to know itself is absurd! [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: A cognitive mechanism that wants to know itself!! We definitely should have moved beyond this absurd goal! (The stomach that consumes itself! -)
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Unpublished Notebooks 1884-85 [1884], 26[018])
     A reaction: We see his point, but Nietzsche learns a huge amount about himself by introspection. To know the Self is a cat chasing its tail. I don't have to leave England to study England.
We think each thought causes the next, unaware of the hidden struggle beneath [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: On the table of our consciousness there appears a succession of thoughts, as if one thought were the cause of the next. But in fact we don't see the struggle going on under the table --
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Writings from Late Notebooks [1887], 02[103])
     A reaction: A brilliant thought. I am increasingly struck by my own lack of control over my 'trains' of thought. I am a slave to my own thinking.