Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Richard Cumberland, A.R. Hall and Immanuel Kant

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3 ideas

17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 1. Dualism
Soul and body connect physically, or by harmony, or by assistance [Kant]
     Full Idea: The three usual systems (really the only possible ones) for the community between soul and body are physical influence, preestablished harmony, and supernatural assistance.
     From: Immanuel Kant (Critique of Pure Reason [1781], B406-/A390)
     A reaction: This summarises the views of Descartes, Leibniz and Malebranche. Kant is not committing himself to dualism here. He didn't think of epiphenomenalism, or property dualism. And the 'community' could just be a coincidence…
17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 8. Dualism of Mind Critique
Our concept of an incorporeal nature is merely negative [Kant]
     Full Idea: Our concept of an incorporeal nature is merely negative.
     From: Immanuel Kant (Critique of Pure Reason [1781], B827/A799)
     A reaction: This nicely pinpoints a well-known problem with the dualist theory of mind.
Neither materialism nor spiritualism can reveal the separate existence of the soul [Kant]
     Full Idea: If materialism will not explain my existence, then spiritualism is just as unsatisfactory, and the conclusion is that in no way can we cognise anything about the constitution of our soul that concerns its possible separate existence.
     From: Immanuel Kant (Critique of Pure Reason [1781], B420)
     A reaction: This is Kant's refusal to deal with the mind-body relation, because the mind and its identity have a 'transcendental' status. I.e. they are unavoidable presuppositions about which nothing can be asked. I don't think I agree with him. I'm a materialist.