Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Philodemus, Prodicus and Hilary Putnam
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11 ideas
19. Language / B. Reference / 1. Reference theories
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6271
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How reference is specified is not what reference is [Putnam]
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19. Language / B. Reference / 3. Direct Reference / a. Direct reference
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2340
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We should separate how the reference of 'gold' is fixed from its conceptual content [Putnam]
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2341
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Like names, natural kind terms have their meaning fixed by extension and reference [Putnam]
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19. Language / B. Reference / 3. Direct Reference / b. Causal reference
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17506
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I now think reference by the tests of experts is a special case of being causally connected [Putnam]
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19. Language / B. Reference / 3. Direct Reference / c. Social reference
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2338
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Reference (say to 'elms') is a social phenomenon which we can leave to experts [Putnam]
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14202
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Neither individual nor community mental states fix reference [Putnam]
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9170
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We need to recognise the contribution of society and of the world in determining reference [Putnam]
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14201
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Maybe the total mental state of a language community fixes the reference of a term [Putnam]
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2339
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Aristotle implies that we have the complete concepts of a language in our heads, but we don't [Putnam]
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19. Language / B. Reference / 4. Descriptive Reference / a. Sense and reference
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3893
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Often reference determines sense, and not (as Frege thought) vice versa [Putnam, by Scruton]
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19. Language / B. Reference / 4. Descriptive Reference / b. Reference by description
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6268
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The claim that scientific terms are incommensurable can be blocked if scientific terms are not descriptions [Putnam]
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