Combining Philosophers

Ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Baruch de Spinoza and Jacques Derrida

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4 ideas

2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 3. Pure Reason
Reason only explains what is universal, so it is timeless, under a certain form of eternity [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: The foundations of reason are notions which explain those things which are common to all, and these things explain the essence of no individual thing, and must therefore be conceived without any relation to time, but under a certain form of eternity.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], II Pr 44)
     A reaction: You have to be totally inspired by this even if you totally disagree with it.
Reason perceives things under a certain form of eternity [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: It is in the nature of reason to perceive things under a certain form of eternity ('sub quadam aeternitatis specie').
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], II Pr 44)
     A reaction: A wonderful, and justly famous, remark. If you don't feel the force (and poetry!) of this, you aren't a philosopher. It is not only appealing, but I don't see how it can fail to be true. Try producing good reasons which only have temporary force.
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 4. Aims of Reason
In so far as men live according to reason, they will agree with one another [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: Men necessarily always agree with one another in so far as they live according to the guidance of reason.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], IV Pr 35)
     A reaction: I think this was my earliest motivation for getting interested in philosophy. Oddly, the Socratic tradition of philosophy is to challenge and criticise, but the aim is agreement. I sort of believe this idea, despite its wild idealism.
Without reason and human help, human life is misery [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: Without mutual help and the cultivation of reason, human beings necessarily live in great misery.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (Tractatus Theologico-Politicus [1670], 16.05)
     A reaction: A clarion call from a great voice of the Enlightenment. I agree, but in 2017 the rest of western civilization seems to have given up on this ideal. I blame Adorno and Horkheimer.