Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Anaxarchus, Nicholas Rescher and Bertrand Russell
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15 ideas
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 6. Coherence
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If one proposition is deduced from another, they are more certain together than alone [Russell]
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2. Reason / B. Laws of Thought / 1. Laws of Thought
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Three Laws of Thought: identity, contradiction, and excluded middle [Russell]
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5405
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The law of contradiction is not a 'law of thought', but a belief about things [Russell]
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2. Reason / B. Laws of Thought / 3. Non-Contradiction
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Non-contradiction was learned from instances, and then found to be indubitable [Russell]
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2. Reason / B. Laws of Thought / 6. Ockham's Razor
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Reducing entities and premisses makes error less likely [Russell]
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2. Reason / D. Definition / 3. Types of Definition
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A definition by 'extension' enumerates items, and one by 'intension' gives a defining property [Russell]
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2. Reason / D. Definition / 7. Contextual Definition
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Any linguistic expression may lack meaning when taken out of context [Russell]
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2. Reason / D. Definition / 11. Ostensive Definition
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Empirical words need ostensive definition, which makes them egocentric [Russell]
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2. Reason / D. Definition / 13. Against Definition
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Definition by analysis into constituents is useless, because it neglects the whole [Russell]
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14159
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In mathematics definitions are superfluous, as they name classes, and it all reduces to primitives [Russell]
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2. Reason / F. Fallacies / 2. Infinite Regress
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Infinite regresses have propositions made of propositions etc, with the key term reappearing [Russell]
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2. Reason / F. Fallacies / 8. Category Mistake / a. Category mistakes
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As well as a truth value, propositions have a range of significance for their variables [Russell]
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21561
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'The number one is bald' or 'the number one is fond of cream cheese' are meaningless [Russell]
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8468
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The sentence 'procrastination drinks quadruplicity' is meaningless, rather than false [Russell, by Orenstein]
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6437
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The theory of types makes 'Socrates and killing are two' illegitimate [Russell]
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