Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Norman Malcolm, Ralph Cudworth and Jesus

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3 ideas

22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / c. Objective value
Keeping promises and contracts is an obligation of natural justice [Cudworth]
     Full Idea: To keep faith and perform covenants is that which natural justice obligeth to absolutely.
     From: Ralph Cudworth (On Eternal and Immutable Morality [1688], Ch.II.4)
     A reaction: A nice example of an absolute moral intuition, but one which can clearly be challenged. Covenants (contracts) wouldn't work unless everyone showed intense commitment to keeping them, even beyond the grave, and we all benefit from good contracts.
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / g. Love
Love your enemies [Jesus]
     Full Idea: Love your enemies.
     From: Jesus (reports [c.32]), quoted by St Matthew - 01: Gospel of St Matthew 05.44
     A reaction: The germ of this idea had been around for several hundred years, but this very forceful statement is perhaps Jesus' most distinctive contribution to moral thought. It has the same clarion call as the Stoic demand for pure virtue. What about deserving?
Love thy neighbour as thyself [Jesus]
     Full Idea: Love thy neighbour as thyself.
     From: Jesus (reports [c.32]), quoted by St Matthew - 01: Gospel of St Matthew 19.19
     A reaction: It would be stronger and better to say 'Love your neighbour, even if you don't love yourself'. Self-loathing and vicious hatred often go together. For once Jesus does not attach an instant heavenly reward to obedience of the command.