Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Bernard Williams, Hartry Field and Alex Betteridge
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12 ideas
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / d. Ethical theory
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4114
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Philosophers try to produce ethical theories because they falsely assume that ethics can be simple [Williams,B]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / f. Ethical non-cognitivism
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22453
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Moral conflicts have a different feeling and structure from belief conflicts [Williams,B, by Foot]
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22454
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We tolerate inconsistency in ethics but not in other beliefs (which reflect an independent order) [Williams,B, by Foot]
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22450
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If moral systems can't judge other moral systems, then moral relativism is true [Williams,B, by Foot]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / g. Moral responsibility
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2178
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In bad actions, guilt points towards victims, and shame to the agent [Williams,B]
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20168
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Blame usually has no effect if the recipient thinks it unjustified [Williams,B]
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20167
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Blame partly rests on the fiction that blamed agents always know their obligations [Williams,B]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / c. Ethical intuitionism
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4128
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Intuitionism has been demolished by critics, and no longer looks interesting [Williams,B]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / e. Human nature
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4366
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We can't accept Aristotle's naturalism about persons, because it is normative and unscientific [Williams,B, by Hursthouse]
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4132
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The category of person is a weak basis for ethics, because it is not fixed but comes in degrees [Williams,B]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / h. Expressivism
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24007
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Emotivism saw morality as expressing emotions, and influencing others' emotions [Williams,B]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / i. Prescriptivism
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4134
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The weakness of prescriptivism is shown by "I simply don't like staying at good hotels" [Williams,B]
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