Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Roger Penrose, Bert Leuridan and John Kekes
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30 ideas
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / c. Purpose of ethics
19738
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Values are an attempt to achieve well-being by bringing contingencies under control [Kekes]
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20145
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Values help us to control life, by connecting it to what is stable and manageable [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / g. Moral responsibility
23096
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Morality should aim to prevent all evil actions, not just autonomous ones [Kekes]
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23095
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Why should moral responsibility depend on autonomy, rather than social role or experience? [Kekes]
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23087
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Much human evil is not autonomous, so moral responsibility need not be autonomous [Kekes]
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23089
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Evil people may not be autonomously aware, if they misjudge the situation [Kekes]
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23093
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Moral and causal responsibility are not clearly distinct [Kekes]
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23098
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Effects show the existence of moral responsibility, and mental states show the degree [Kekes]
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20170
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Responsibility is unprovoked foreseeable harm, against society, arising from vicious character [Kekes]
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23094
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Ought implies can means moral responsibility needs autonomy [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / b. Rational ethics
20165
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Reason and morality do not coincide; immorality can be reasonable, with an ideology [Kekes]
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20171
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Practical reason is not universal and impersonal, because it depends on what success is [Kekes]
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20175
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If morality has to be rational, then moral conflicts need us to be irrational and immoral [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / e. Human nature
23090
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Liberals assume people are naturally free, equal, rational, and morally good [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / j. Ethics by convention
20174
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Relativists say all values are relative; pluralists concede much of that, but not 'human' values [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / a. Nature of value
20158
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Innumerable values arise for us, from our humanity, our culture, and our individuality [Kekes]
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20159
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Cultural values are interpretations of humanity, conduct, institutions, and evaluations [Kekes]
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20161
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The big value problems are evil (humanity), disenchantment (cultures), and boredom (individuals) [Kekes]
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20156
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We are bound to regret some values we never aspired to [Kekes]
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20150
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There are far more values than we can pursue, so they are optional possibilities [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / f. Ultimate value
20151
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Our attitudes include what possibilities we value, and also what is allowable, and unthinkable [Kekes]
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20152
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Unconditional commitments are our most basic convictions, saying what must never be done [Kekes]
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20153
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Doing the unthinkable damages ourselves, so it is more basic than any value [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / g. Love
23117
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Love should be partial, and discriminate in favour of its object [Kekes]
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23119
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Sentimental love distorts its object [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / j. Evil
20162
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Evil isn't explained by nature, by monsters, by uncharacteristic actions, or by society [Kekes]
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23088
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Evil is not deviation from the good, any more than good is a deviation from evil [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 1. Goodness / g. Consequentialism
23097
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What matters for morality is the effects of action, not the psychological causes [Kekes]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / d. Routes to happiness
20154
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Control is the key to well-being [Kekes]
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20157
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Well-being needs correct attitudes and well-ordered commitments to local values [Kekes]
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