Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Rescher,N/Oppenheim,P, John Stuart Mill and John Kekes

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5 ideas

24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 1. Purpose of a State
The chief function of the state is to arbitrate between contending visions of the good life [Kekes]
     Full Idea: The chief function of the state is seen to be to maintain what is referred to as the dialogue or conversation among the contending visions of how life should be lived.
     From: John Kekes (Against Liberalism [1997], 08.4)
     A reaction: This is Kekes's defence of 'pluralism'. It is not liberal, because liberal freedom, autonomy and equality is only one of the competing visions of the good life. Almost every state suppresses some such visions.
The ideal of an ideology is embodied in a text, a role model, a law of history, a dream of the past... [Kekes]
     Full Idea: The ideal in an ideology may be set down in a sacred text, exemplified in an exceptional life, dictated by laws of history, sociology, or psychology, located in a past uncorrupted idyllic past, or in a future Utopia of perfected human nature, and so on.
     From: John Kekes (The Human Condition [2010], 06.4)
     A reaction: A bit grumpy, but a fair observation about an awful lot of slightly mad social endeavours.
Ideologies have beliefs about reality, ideals, a gap with actuality, and a program [Kekes]
     Full Idea: Ideologies have a set of beliefs about the world, an ideal of life, an explanation of the gap between the ideal and actuality, and a program for closing the gap.
     From: John Kekes (The Human Condition [2010], 06.4)
     A reaction: [compressed] Kekes emerges as a bit right of centre in his politics. He clearly despises such ideologies, yet his book is an optimistic program for correcting things. Maybe the enemy is dogmatic ideologies. Kekes gives an undogmatic account of values.
24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 2. State Legitimacy / d. General will
The will of the people is that of the largest or most active part of the people [Mill]
     Full Idea: The will of the people practically means the will of the most numerous or the most active part of the people.
     From: John Stuart Mill (On Liberty [1857], Ch.1)
     A reaction: Hence the nicely coined modern phrase 'the silent majority', on whose behalf certain politicians, usually conservative, offer to speak. It is unlikely that the silent majority are actually deeply opposed to the views of the very active part.
24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 4. Citizenship
Citizenship is easier than parenthood [Kekes]
     Full Idea: It is much easier to be a good citizen than it is to be a good parent.
     From: John Kekes (Against Liberalism [1997], 09.4)
     A reaction: A nice observation. It is shocking how many people are bad citizens, given the limited demands. I think philosophers have some responsibility for beliefs and values which people bring to their citizenship. Parents need communal support.