Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Jerry A. Fodor, Immanuel Kant and Thomas Hobbes

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35 ideas

25. Social Practice / A. Freedoms / 3. Free speech
21058 Enlightenment requires the free use of reason in the public realm [Kant]
25. Social Practice / A. Freedoms / 4. Free market
7670 Kant is the father of the notion of exploitation as an evil [Kant, by Berlin]
25. Social Practice / A. Freedoms / 6. Political freedom
5621 The existence of reason depends on the freedom of citizens to agree, doubt and veto ideas [Kant]
25. Social Practice / B. Equalities / 1. Grounds of equality
2366 There is not enough difference between people for one to claim more benefit than another [Hobbes]
20485 Hobbes says people are roughly equal; Locke says there is no right to impose inequality [Hobbes, by Wolff,J]
25. Social Practice / B. Equalities / 3. Legal equality
21076 Equality is where you cannot impose a legal obligation you yourself wouldn't endure [Kant]
21407 Equality is not being bound in ways you cannot bind others [Kant]
25. Social Practice / B. Equalities / 4. Economic equality
21066 Citizens can rise to any rank that talent, effort and luck can achieve [Kant]
25. Social Practice / C. Rights / 1. Basis of Rights
20570 There is now a growing universal community, and violations of rights are felt everywhere [Kant]
20571 There are political and inter-national rights, but also universal cosmopolitan rights [Kant]
25. Social Practice / C. Rights / 3. Alienating rights
2369 If we seek peace and defend ourselves, we must compromise on our rights [Hobbes]
21065 You can't make a contract renouncing your right to make contracts! [Kant]
21084 In the contract people lose their rights, but immediately regain them, in the new commonwealth [Kant]
25. Social Practice / C. Rights / 4. Property rights
21090 If someone has largely made something, then they own it [Kant]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 1. Basis of justice
21057 The highest ideal of social progress is a universal cosmopolitan existence [Kant]
21087 Human life is pointless without justice [Kant]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 2. The Law / c. Natural law
20484 We should obey the laws of nature, provided other people are also obeying them [Hobbes, by Wolff,J]
7591 Kant completed Grotius's project of a non-religious basis for natural law [Scruton on Kant]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 2. The Law / d. Legal positivism
7573 The legal positivism of Hobbes said law is just formal or procedural [Hobbes, by Jolley]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / a. Right to punish
2380 Punishment should only be for reform or deterrence [Hobbes]
21088 Justice asserts the death penalty for murder, from a priori laws [Kant]
25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / b. Retribution for crime
7673 Retributive punishment is better than being sent to hospital for your crimes [Kant, by Berlin]
21433 Violation of rights deserves punishment, which is vengeance, rather than restitution [Kant]
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 1. War / a. Just wars
21072 The people (who have to fight) and not the head of state should declare a war [Kant]
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 1. War / c. Combatants
23609 I act justly if I follow my Prince in an apparently unjust war, and refusing to fight would be injustice [Hobbes]
21073 Hiring soldiers is to use them as instruments, ignoring their personal rights [Kant]
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 1. War / e. Peace
21074 Some trust in the enemy is needed during wartime, or peace would be impossible [Kant]
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 2. Religion in Society
2361 If fear of unknown powers is legal it is religion, if it is illegal it is superstition [Hobbes]
21085 The church has a political role, by offering a supreme power over people [Kant]
25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 4. Suicide
19739 The maxim for suicide is committed to the value of life, and is thus contradictory [Kant]
6188 A permanent natural order could not universalise a rule permitting suicide [Kant]
25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 5. Sexual Morality
6212 Lust involves pleasure, and also the sense of power in pleasing others [Hobbes]
25. Social Practice / F. Life Issues / 6. Animal Rights
3730 Non-rational beings only have a relative value, as means rather than as ends [Kant]
21423 Men can only have duties to those who qualify as persons [Kant]
21424 Cruelty to animals is bad because it dulls our empathy for pain in humans [Kant]