Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Alfred Tarski, Adolph Rami and Richard Bentley
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62 ideas
3. Truth / A. Truth Problems / 2. Defining Truth
16295
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Tarski proved that truth cannot be defined from within a given theory [Tarski, by Halbach]
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10153
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In everyday language, truth seems indefinable, inconsistent, and illogical [Tarski]
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15342
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Tarski proved that any reasonably expressive language suffers from the liar paradox [Tarski, by Horsten]
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19069
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'True sentence' has no use consistent with logic and ordinary language, so definition seems hopeless [Tarski]
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19178
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Definitions of truth should not introduce a new version of the concept, but capture the old one [Tarski]
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19177
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A definition of truth should be materially adequate and formally correct [Tarski]
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19186
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A rigorous definition of truth is only possible in an exactly specified language [Tarski]
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19194
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We may eventually need to split the word 'true' into several less ambiguous terms [Tarski]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 1. For Truthmakers
18335
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There are five problems which the truth-maker theory might solve [Rami]
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18334
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The truth-maker idea is usually justified by its explanatory power, or intuitive appeal [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 2. Truthmaker Relation
18339
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The truth-making relation can be one-to-one, or many-to-many [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 3. Truthmaker Maximalism
18333
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Central idea: truths need truthmakers; and possibly all truths have them, and makers entail truths [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 4. Truthmaker Necessitarianism
18342
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Most theorists say that truth-makers necessitate their truths [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 5. What Makes Truths / a. What makes truths
18340
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It seems best to assume different kinds of truth-maker, such as objects, facts, tropes, or events [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 5. What Makes Truths / c. States of affairs make truths
18341
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Truth-makers seem to be states of affairs (plus optional individuals), or individuals and properties [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 5. What Makes Truths / d. Being makes truths
18346
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'Truth supervenes on being' only gives necessary (not sufficient) conditions for contingent truths [Rami]
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18345
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'Truth supervenes on being' avoids entities as truth-makers for negative truths [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 7. Making Modal Truths
18343
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Maybe a truth-maker also works for the entailments of the given truth [Rami]
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 11. Truthmaking and Correspondence
18338
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Truth-making is usually internalist, but the correspondence theory is externalist [Rami]
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3. Truth / C. Correspondence Truth / 1. Correspondence Truth
18337
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Correspondence theories assume that truth is a representation relation [Rami]
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3. Truth / C. Correspondence Truth / 3. Correspondence Truth critique
16296
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Tarski's Theorem renders any precise version of correspondence impossible [Tarski, by Halbach]
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3. Truth / F. Semantic Truth / 1. Tarski's Truth / a. Tarski's truth definition
19196
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Scheme (T) is not a definition of truth [Tarski]
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15339
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Tarski gave up on the essence of truth, and asked how truth is used, or how it functions [Tarski, by Horsten]
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16302
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Tarski did not just aim at a definition; he also offered an adequacy criterion for any truth definition [Tarski, by Halbach]
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19135
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Tarski enumerates cases of truth, so it can't be applied to new words or languages [Davidson on Tarski]
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19138
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Tarski define truths by giving the extension of the predicate, rather than the meaning [Davidson on Tarski]
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4699
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Tarski made truth relative, by only defining truth within some given artificial language [Tarski, by O'Grady]
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19324
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Tarski has to avoid stating how truths relate to states of affairs [Kirkham on Tarski]
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10672
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Tarskian semantics says that a sentence is true iff it is satisfied by every sequence [Tarski, by Hossack]
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13338
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'"It is snowing" is true if and only if it is snowing' is a partial definition of the concept of truth [Tarski]
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19180
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It is convenient to attach 'true' to sentences, and hence the language must be specified [Tarski]
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19181
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In the classical concept of truth, 'snow is white' is true if snow is white [Tarski]
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19183
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Each interpreted T-sentence is a partial definition of truth; the whole definition is their conjunction [Tarski]
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19182
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Use 'true' so that all T-sentences can be asserted, and the definition will then be 'adequate' [Tarski]
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19198
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We don't give conditions for asserting 'snow is white'; just that assertion implies 'snow is white' is true [Tarski]
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3. Truth / F. Semantic Truth / 1. Tarski's Truth / b. Satisfaction and truth
15410
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Truth only applies to closed formulas, but we need satisfaction of open formulas to define it [Burgess on Tarski]
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18811
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Tarski uses sentential functions; truly assigning the objects to variables is what satisfies them [Tarski, by Rumfitt]
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15365
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We can define the truth predicate using 'true of' (satisfaction) for variables and some objects [Tarski, by Horsten]
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19314
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For physicalism, reduce truth to satisfaction, then define satisfaction as physical-plus-logic [Tarski, by Kirkham]
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19316
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Insight: don't use truth, use a property which can be compositional in complex quantified sentence [Tarski, by Kirkham]
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19175
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Tarski gave axioms for satisfaction, then derived its explicit definition, which led to defining truth [Tarski, by Davidson]
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19184
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The best truth definition involves other semantic notions, like satisfaction (relating terms and objects) [Tarski]
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19191
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Specify satisfaction for simple sentences, then compounds; true sentences are satisfied by all objects [Tarski]
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3. Truth / F. Semantic Truth / 1. Tarski's Truth / c. Meta-language for truth
19188
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We can't use a semantically closed language, or ditch our logic, so a meta-language is needed [Tarski]
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19189
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The metalanguage must contain the object language, logic, and defined semantics [Tarski]
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3. Truth / F. Semantic Truth / 2. Semantic Truth
10969
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Tarski had a theory of truth, and a theory of theories of truth [Tarski, by Read]
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17746
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Tarski's 'truth' is a precise relation between the language and its semantics [Tarski, by Walicki]
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10904
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Tarskian truth neglects the atomic sentences [Mulligan/Simons/Smith on Tarski]
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2571
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Tarski says that his semantic theory of truth is completely neutral about all metaphysics [Tarski, by Haack]
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10821
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Physicalists should explain reference nonsemantically, rather than getting rid of it [Tarski, by Field,H]
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10822
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A physicalist account must add primitive reference to Tarski's theory [Field,H on Tarski]
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10824
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If listing equivalences is a reduction of truth, witchcraft is just a list of witch-victim pairs [Field,H on Tarski]
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19134
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Tarski defined truth for particular languages, but didn't define it across languages [Davidson on Tarski]
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16303
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Tarski made truth respectable, by proving that it could be defined [Tarski, by Halbach]
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16304
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Tarski didn't capture the notion of an adequate truth definition, as Convention T won't prove non-contradiction [Halbach on Tarski]
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3. Truth / G. Axiomatic Truth / 1. Axiomatic Truth
15322
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Tarski's had the first axiomatic theory of truth that was minimally adequate [Tarski, by Horsten]
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19141
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Tarski thought axiomatic truth was too contingent, and in danger of inconsistencies [Tarski, by Davidson]
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19190
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We need an undefined term 'true' in the meta-language, specified by axioms [Tarski]
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16306
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Tarski defined truth, but an axiomatisation can be extracted from his inductive clauses [Tarski, by Halbach]
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3. Truth / H. Deflationary Truth / 1. Redundant Truth
19197
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Truth can't be eliminated from universal claims, or from particular unspecified claims [Tarski]
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3. Truth / H. Deflationary Truth / 2. Deflationary Truth
18347
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Deflationist truth is an infinitely disjunctive property [Rami]
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19185
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Semantics is a very modest discipline which solves no real problems [Tarski]
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