Combining Philosophers
Ideas for George Boolos, Robert C. Stalnaker and Ian Rumfitt
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38 ideas
5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 1. Overview of Logic
11211
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If a sound conclusion comes from two errors that cancel out, the path of the argument must matter [Rumfitt]
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18815
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Logic is higher-order laws which can expand the range of any sort of deduction [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 3. Value of Logic
9390
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Logic guides thinking, but it isn't a substitute for it [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 6. Classical Logic
18804
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The case for classical logic rests on its rules, much more than on the Principle of Bivalence [Rumfitt]
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18805
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Classical logic rules cannot be proved, but various lines of attack can be repelled [Rumfitt]
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18827
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If truth-tables specify the connectives, classical logic must rely on Bivalence [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 7. Second-Order Logic
14249
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Boolos reinterprets second-order logic as plural logic [Boolos, by Oliver/Smiley]
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10225
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Monadic second-order logic might be understood in terms of plural quantifiers [Boolos, by Shapiro]
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10830
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Second-order logic metatheory is set-theoretic, and second-order validity has set-theoretic problems [Boolos]
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10736
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Boolos showed how plural quantifiers can interpret monadic second-order logic [Boolos, by Linnebo]
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10780
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Any sentence of monadic second-order logic can be translated into plural first-order logic [Boolos, by Linnebo]
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5. Theory of Logic / B. Logical Consequence / 1. Logical Consequence
12195
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Soundness in argument varies with context, and may be achieved very informally indeed [Rumfitt]
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12199
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There is a modal element in consequence, in assessing reasoning from suppositions [Rumfitt]
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12201
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We reject deductions by bad consequence, so logical consequence can't be deduction [Rumfitt]
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18813
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Logical consequence is a relation that can extended into further statements [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / B. Logical Consequence / 3. Deductive Consequence |-
18808
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Normal deduction presupposes the Cut Law [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / C. Ontology of Logic / 1. Ontology of Logic
10829
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A sentence can't be a truth of logic if it asserts the existence of certain sets [Boolos]
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12766
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Logical space is abstracted from the actual world [Stalnaker]
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5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 1. Bivalence
18840
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When faced with vague statements, Bivalence is not a compelling principle [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 3. Contradiction
12194
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Contradictions include 'This is red and not coloured', as well as the formal 'B and not-B' [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 4. Identity in Logic
10697
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Identity is clearly a logical concept, and greatly enhances predicate calculus [Boolos]
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 1. Logical Form
16464
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We regiment to get semantic structure, for evaluating arguments, and understanding complexities [Stalnaker]
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / a. Logical connectives
11212
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The sense of a connective comes from primitively obvious rules of inference [Rumfitt]
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11210
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Standardly 'and' and 'but' are held to have the same sense by having the same truth table [Rumfitt]
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18802
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In specifying a logical constant, use of that constant is quite unavoidable [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / e. or
16465
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In 'S was F or some other than S was F', the disjuncts need S, but the whole disjunction doesn't [Stalnaker]
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5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / c. Names as referential
16405
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To understand a name (unlike a description) picking the thing out is sufficient? [Stalnaker]
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5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 2. Domain of Quantification
10832
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'∀x x=x' only means 'everything is identical to itself' if the range of 'everything' is fixed [Boolos]
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5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 5. Second-Order Quantification
13671
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Second-order quantifiers are just like plural quantifiers in ordinary language, with no extra ontology [Boolos, by Shapiro]
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5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 6. Plural Quantification
10267
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We should understand second-order existential quantifiers as plural quantifiers [Boolos, by Shapiro]
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10698
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Plural forms have no more ontological commitment than to first-order objects [Boolos]
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5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 7. Unorthodox Quantification
7806
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Boolos invented plural quantification [Boolos, by Benardete,JA]
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5. Theory of Logic / H. Proof Systems / 2. Axiomatic Proof
12198
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Geometrical axioms in logic are nowadays replaced by inference rules (which imply the logical truths) [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / H. Proof Systems / 4. Natural Deduction
18800
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Introduction rules give deduction conditions, and Elimination says what can be deduced [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / I. Semantics of Logic / 3. Logical Truth
18809
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Logical truths are just the assumption-free by-products of logical rules [Rumfitt]
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5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 4. Completeness
10834
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Weak completeness: if it is valid, it is provable. Strong: it is provable from a set of sentences [Boolos]
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5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 6. Compactness
13841
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Why should compactness be definitive of logic? [Boolos, by Hacking]
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5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 10. Monotonicity
18807
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Monotonicity means there is a guarantee, rather than mere inductive support [Rumfitt]
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