Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Melvin Fitting, Democritus and Roger Scruton

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3 ideas

6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 4. Using Numbers / a. Units
Two can't be a self-contained unit, because it would need to be one to do that [Democritus, by Aristotle]
     Full Idea: Democritus claimed that one substance could not be composed from two nor two from one. …The same will clearly go for number, on the popular assumption that number is a combination of units. Unless two is one, it cannot contain a unit in actuality.
     From: report of Democritus (fragments/reports [c.431 BCE]) by Aristotle - Metaphysics 1039a15
     A reaction: Chrysippus followed this up the first part with the memorable example of Dion and Theon. The problem with the second part is that 2, 3 and 4 are three numbers, so they can count as meta-units.
6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 4. Using Numbers / c. Counting procedure
Could you be intellectually acquainted with numbers, but unable to count objects? [Scruton]
     Full Idea: Could someone have a perfect intellectual acquaintance with numbers, but be incapable of counting a flock of sheep?
     From: Roger Scruton (Modern Philosophy:introduction and survey [1994], 26.6)
6. Mathematics / C. Sources of Mathematics / 10. Constructivism / b. Intuitionism
If maths contains unprovable truths, then maths cannot be reduced to a set of proofs [Scruton]
     Full Idea: If there can be unprovable truths of mathematics, then mathematics cannot be reduced to the proofs whereby we construct it.
     From: Roger Scruton (Modern Philosophy:introduction and survey [1994], 26.7)