Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Empedocles, Ren Descartes and Alex Orenstein
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12 ideas
9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 6. Nihilism about Objects
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There is no coming-to-be of anything, but only mixing and separating [Empedocles, by Aristotle]
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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 1. Unifying an Object / c. Unity as conceptual
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If I can separate two things in my understanding, then God can separate them in reality [Descartes]
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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / a. Substance
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Knowing the attributes is enough to reveal a substance [Descartes]
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If we perceive an attribute, we infer the existence of some substance [Descartes]
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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined
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A substance needs nothing else in order to exist [Descartes]
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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / e. Substance critique
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Substance cannot be conceived or explained to others [Gassendi on Descartes]
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Descartes thinks distinguishing substances from aggregates is pointless [Descartes, by Pasnau]
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9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 7. Substratum
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If we remove surface qualities from wax, we have an extended, flexible, changeable thing [Descartes]
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9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 4. Essence as Definition
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Descartes gives an essence by an encapsulating formula [Descartes, by Almog]
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9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 9. Essence and Properties
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A substance has one principal property which is its nature and essence [Descartes]
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9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 15. Against Essentialism
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Substantial forms are not understood, and explain nothing [Descartes]
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9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 10. Beginning of an Object
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Substance is not created or destroyed in mortals, but there is only mixing and exchange [Empedocles]
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