Combining Philosophers

Ideas for Peter Geach, Gottfried Leibniz and Aristotle

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77 ideas

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 1. Unifying an Object / a. Intrinsic unification
17041 Natural objects include animals and their parts, plants, and the simple elements [Aristotle]
17840 A unity may just be a particular, a numerically indivisible thing [Aristotle]
16163 Aristotle says that the form is what makes an entity what it is [Aristotle, by Frede,M]
590 Things are one numerically in matter, formally in their account, generically in predicates, and by analogy in relations [Aristotle]
603 How is man a unity of animal and biped, especially if the Forms of animal and of biped exist? [Aristotle]
10949 Primary things just are what-it-is-to-be-that-thing [Aristotle]
17838 Things may be naturally unified because they involve an indivisible process [Aristotle]
17841 The formal cause may be what unifies a substance [Aristotle]
12745 Philosophy needs the precision of the unity given by substances [Leibniz]
16513 Identity of a substance is the law of its persistence [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 1. Unifying an Object / b. Unifying aggregates
13272 Things are one to the extent that they are indivisible [Aristotle]
17860 Things are unified by contact, mixture and position [Aristotle]
12921 Accidental unity has degrees, from a mob to a society to a machine or organism [Leibniz]
17842 Indivisibility is the cause of unity, either in movement, or in the account or thought [Aristotle]
12699 A body would be endless disunited parts, if it did not have a unifying form or soul [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 1. Unifying an Object / c. Unity as conceptual
17839 Some things are unified by their account, which rests on a unified thought about the thing [Aristotle]
12746 We find unity in reason, and unity in perception, but these are not true unity [Leibniz]
12035 Leibniz bases pure primitive entities on conjunctions of qualitative properties [Leibniz, by Adams,RM]
13160 To exist and be understood, a multitude must first be reduced to a unity [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / a. Substance
1694 Substances have no opposites, and don't come in degrees (including if the substance is a man) [Aristotle]
16172 Substance is not predicated of anything - but it still has something underlying it, that originates it [Aristotle]
16623 We only infer underlying natures by analogy, observing bronze of a statue, or wood of a bed [Aristotle]
16091 Is primary substance just an ultimate subject, or some aspect of a complex body? [Aristotle, by Gill,ML]
24058 The substance is the cause of a thing's being [Aristotle]
11280 Primary being is 'that which lies under', or 'particular substance' [Aristotle, by Politis]
12076 Substance is prior in being separate, in definition, and in knowledge [Aristotle, by Witt]
11284 It is wrong to translate 'ousia' as 'substance' [Aristotle, by Politis]
19349 The complete notion of a substance implies all of its predicates or attributes [Leibniz]
12916 A body is a unified aggregate, unless it has an indivisible substance [Leibniz]
12919 Unity needs an indestructible substance, to contain everything which will happen to it [Leibniz]
12923 Every bodily substance must have a soul, or something analogous to a soul [Leibniz]
12716 The concept of forces or powers best reveals the true concept of substance [Leibniz]
13197 The notion of substance is one of the keys to true philosophy [Leibniz]
12943 Individuality is in the bond substance gives between past and future [Leibniz]
11040 A single substance can receive contrary properties [Aristotle]
569 If substance is the basis of reality, then philosophy aims to understand substance [Aristotle]
615 The Pre-Socratics were studying the principles, elements and causes of substance [Aristotle]
592 The baffling question of what exists is asking about the nature of substance [Aristotle]
11231 'Ousia' is 'primary being' not 'primary substance' [Aristotle, by Politis]
12776 Every substance is alive [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / b. Need for substance
599 We may have to postulate unobservable and unknowable substances [Aristotle]
12704 Aggregates don’t reduce to points, or atoms, or illusion, so must reduce to substance [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / c. Types of substance
16140 Secondary substances do have subjects, so they are not ultimate in the ontology [Aristotle, by Frede,M]
10965 In earlier Aristotle the substances were particulars, not kinds [Aristotle, by Lawson-Tancred]
1681 Units are positionless substances, and points are substances with position [Aristotle]
600 Elements and physical objects are substances, but ideas and mathematics are not so clear [Aristotle]
11036 A 'primary' substance is in each subject, with species or genera as 'secondary' substances [Aristotle]
16778 Mature Aristotle sees organisms as the paradigm substances [Aristotle, by Pasnau]
16084 Is a primary substance a foundation of existence, or the last stage of understanding? [Aristotle, by Gill,ML]
7558 Substances mirror God or the universe, each from its own viewpoint [Leibniz]
13161 Substances are everywhere in matter, like points in a line [Leibniz]
13171 Substance must necessarily involve progress and change [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined
595 It is matter that turns out to be substance [ousia] [Aristotle]
8287 Earlier Aristotle had objects as primary substances, but later he switched to substantial form [Aristotle, by Lowe]
12350 Things are called 'substances' because they are subjects for everything else [Aristotle]
11299 Substance [ousia] is the subject of predication and cause [aitia?] of something's existence [Aristotle]
12060 Essence (fixed by definition) is also 'ousia', so 'ousia' is both ultimate subject, and a this-thing [Aristotle]
10941 A substance is what-it-is-to-be, or the universal, or the genus, or the subject of saying [Aristotle]
11290 Matter is not substance, because substance needs separability and thisness [Aristotle]
10959 The substance is the form dwelling in the object [Aristotle]
12093 Substance is unified and universals are diverse, so universals are not substance [Aristotle, by Witt]
12362 A thing's substance is its primary cause of being [Aristotle]
607 None of the universals can be a substance [Aristotle]
12712 Substance is that which can act [Leibniz]
11233 In Aristotle, 'proté ousia' is 'primary being', and 'to hupokeimenon' is 'that which lies under' (or 'substance') [Aristotle, by Politis]
12079 Substance is distinct being because of its unity [Aristotle, by Witt]
13091 Leibnizian substances add concept, law, force, form and soul [Leibniz, by Cover/O'Leary-Hawthorne]
11855 Substances cannot be bare, but have activity as their essence [Leibniz]
12756 Substance is a force for acting and being acted upon [Leibniz]
7561 Substances are essentially active [Leibniz, by Jolley]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / e. Substance critique
7931 If a substance is just a thing that has properties, it seems to be a characterless non-entity [Leibniz, by Macdonald,C]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 3. Unity Problems / c. Statue and clay
16085 Primary matter and form make a unity, one in potentiality, the other in actuality [Aristotle]
16174 A nature is related to a substance as shapeless matter is to something which has a shape [Aristotle]
16096 Statues depend on their bronze, but bronze doesn't depend on statues [Aristotle, by Gill,ML]
10951 The statue is not called 'stone' but 'stoney' [Aristotle]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 3. Unity Problems / d. Coincident objects
12970 We can imagine two bodies interpenetrating, as two rays of light seem to [Leibniz]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 3. Unity Problems / e. Vague objects
12986 The essence of baldness is vague and imperfect [Leibniz]