Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for Anaxarchus, Hastings Rashdall and Leo Tolstoy

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13 ideas

13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 1. Scepticism
3061 Anaxarchus said that he was not even sure that he knew nothing [Anaxarchus, by Diog. Laertius]
16. Persons / B. Nature of the Self / 2. Ethical Self
1457 Morality requires a minimum commitment to the self [Rashdall]
21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 4. Art as Expression
8124 The highest feelings of mankind can only be transmitted by art [Tolstoy]
8121 Art is when one man uses external signs to hand on his feelings to another man [Tolstoy]
8122 True works of art transmit completely new feelings [Tolstoy]
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 4. Emotion in Art
8123 The purpose of art is to help mankind to evolve better, more socially beneficial feelings [Tolstoy]
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 7. Art and Morality
8064 We separate the concept of beauty from goodness, unlike the ancients [Tolstoy]
22710 People estimate art according to their moral values [Tolstoy]
8125 The upper classes put beauty first, and thus freed themselves from morality [Tolstoy]
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / e. Means and ends
6674 All moral judgements ultimately concern the value of ends [Rashdall]
23. Ethics / E. Utilitarianism / 6. Ideal Utilitarianism
6673 Ideal Utilitarianism is teleological but non-hedonistic; the aim is an ideal end, which includes pleasure [Rashdall]
28. God / B. Proving God / 2. Proofs of Reason / c. Moral Argument
1458 Conduct is only reasonable or unreasonable if the world is governed by reason [Rashdall]
1459 Absolute moral ideals can't exist in human minds or material things, so their acceptance implies a greater Mind [Rashdall, by PG]