13 ideas
| 20744 | Phenomenologists say all experience is about something and is directed [Aho] |
| 4304 | Descartes says there are two substance, Spinoza one, and Leibniz infinitely many [Cottingham] |
| 4303 | The notion of substance lies at the heart of rationalist metaphysics [Cottingham] |
| 3061 | Anaxarchus said that he was not even sure that he knew nothing [Anaxarchus, by Diog. Laertius] |
| 20736 | Science has to abstract out the subjective attributes of things, focusing on what is objective [Aho] |
| 4316 | Either all action is rational, or reason dominates, or reason is only concerned with means [Cottingham] |
| 20734 | Anxiety, nausea, guilt and absurdity shake us up, revealing our freedom and limits [Aho] |
| 20733 | Our 'existence' is how we create ourselves, unconstrained by any prior 'essence' [Aho] |
| 20753 | The self is constituted by its choices made within a social context [Aho] |
| 20738 | Social contracts and markets have made society seem disconnected and artificial [Aho] |
| 4306 | For rationalists, it is necessary that effects be deducible from their causes [Cottingham] |
| 20737 | Protestantism brought the modern emphasis on inner states of the soul [Aho] |
| 20766 | Four Noble Truths: life is suffering, caused by attachment, it is avoidable, there is a path [Aho] |