Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for Archimedes, Karl Popper and Isaiah Berlin

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25 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 1. History of Ideas
7460 The great moments are the death of Aristotle, Machiavelli, and Romanticism [Berlin, by Watson]
1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 5. Later European Thought
7662 Romanticism is the greatest change in the consciousness of the West [Berlin]
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 5. Objectivity
22358 Scientific objectivity lies in inter-subjective testing [Popper]
6. Mathematics / B. Foundations for Mathematics / 3. Axioms for Geometry
13007 Archimedes defined a straight line as the shortest distance between two points [Archimedes, by Leibniz]
8. Modes of Existence / C. Powers and Dispositions / 7. Against Powers
11946 Propensities are part of a situation, not part of the objects [Popper]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 11. Essence of Artefacts
12177 Human artefacts may have essences, in their purposes [Popper]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 15. Against Essentialism
5451 Popper felt that ancient essentialism was a bar to progress [Popper, by Mautner]
14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification
22188 Give Nobel Prizes for really good refutations? [Gorham on Popper]
18284 Particulars can be verified or falsified, but general statements can only be falsified (conclusively) [Popper]
7780 Falsification is the criterion of demarcation between science and non-science [Popper, by Magee]
16830 We don't only reject hypotheses because we have falsified them [Lipton on Popper]
6794 If falsification requires logical inconsistency, then probabilistic statements can't be falsified [Bird on Popper]
6795 When Popper gets in difficulties, he quietly uses induction to help out [Bird on Popper]
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 2. Aim of Science
3856 Good theories have empirical content, explain a lot, and are not falsified [Popper, by Newton-Smith]
14. Science / C. Induction / 3. Limits of Induction
7779 There is no such thing as induction [Popper, by Magee]
14. Science / C. Induction / 4. Reason in Induction
3860 Science cannot be shown to be rational if induction is rejected [Newton-Smith on Popper]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 3. Best Explanation / b. Ultimate explanation
12176 Science does not aim at ultimate explanations [Popper]
20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 3. Acting on Reason / b. Intellectualism
7665 Most Enlightenment thinkers believed that virtue consists ultimately in knowledge [Berlin]
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 3. Virtues / a. Virtues
7676 If we are essentially free wills, authenticity and sincerity are the highest virtues [Berlin]
23. Ethics / D. Deontological Ethics / 2. Duty
7664 The Greeks have no notion of obligation or duty [Berlin]
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 1. Existentialism
7677 Central to existentialism is the romantic idea that there is nothing to lean on [Berlin]
25. Social Practice / A. Freedoms / 5. Freedom of lifestyle
20544 Berlin distinguishes 'negative' and 'positive' liberty, and rejects the latter [Berlin, by Swift]
26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 8. Scientific Essentialism / a. Scientific essentialism
12175 Galilean science aimed at true essences, as the ultimate explanations [Popper]
26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 8. Scientific Essentialism / e. Anti scientific essentialism
12179 Essentialist views of science prevent further questions from being raised [Popper]
29. Religion / B. Monotheistic Religion / 2. Judaism
7663 Judaism and Christianity views are based on paternal, family and tribal relations [Berlin]