42 ideas
| 2666 | Carneades' pinnacles of philosophy are the basis of knowledge (the criterion of truth) and the end of appetite (good) [Carneades, by Cicero] |
| 501 | Reason is a more powerful persuader than gold [Democritus (attr)] |
| 21390 | Future events are true if one day we will say 'this event is happening now' [Carneades] |
| 21672 | We say future things are true that will possess actuality at some following time [Carneades, by Cicero] |
| 13913 | The four 'perfect syllogisms' are called Barbara, Celarent, Darii and Ferio [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13914 | Syllogistic logic has one rule: what is affirmed/denied of wholes is affirmed/denied of their parts [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13915 | Syllogistic can't handle sentences with singular terms, or relational terms, or compound sentences [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13916 | Term logic uses expression letters and brackets, and '-' for negative terms, and '+' for compound terms [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13850 | In modern logic all formal validity can be characterised syntactically [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13849 | Classical logic rests on truth and models, where constructivist logic rests on defence and refutation [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13851 | Unlike most other signs, = cannot be eliminated [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 13852 | Axioms are ω-incomplete if the instances are all derivable, but the universal quantification isn't [Engelbretsen/Sayward] |
| 15825 | Carneades denied the transitivity of identity [Carneades, by Chisholm] |
| 21389 | Carneades distinguished logical from causal necessity, when talking of future events [Long on Carneades] |
| 21671 | Voluntary motion is intrinsically within our power, and this power is its cause [Carneades, by Cicero] |
| 21391 | Some actions are within our power; determinism needs prior causes for everything - so it is false [Carneades, by Cicero] |
| 21674 | Even Apollo can only foretell the future when it is naturally necessary [Carneades, by Cicero] |
| 514 | Beauty is merely animal without intelligence [Democritus (attr)] |
| 525 | Behave well when alone, and feel shame in you own eyes [Democritus (attr)] |
| 502 | Good breeding in men means having a good character [Democritus (attr)] |
| 507 | Virtuous love consists of decorous desire for the beautiful [Democritus (attr)] |
| 7398 | Carneades said that after a shipwreck a wise man would seize the only plank by force [Carneades, by Tuck] |
| 505 | Good and true are the same for everyone, but pleasures differ [Democritus (attr)] |
| 521 | We should only choose pleasures which are concerned with the beautiful [Democritus (attr)] |
| 508 | Only accept beneficial pleasures [Democritus (attr)] |
| 520 | The great pleasures come from the contemplation of noble works [Democritus (attr)] |
| 522 | Moderation brings more pleasures, and so increases pleasure [Democritus (attr)] |
| 506 | Immoderate desire is the mark of a child, not an adult [Democritus (attr)] |
| 523 | It is as brave to master pleasure as to overcome the enemy [Democritus (attr)] |
| 503 | Virtue doesn't just avoid evil, but also doesn't desire it [Democritus (attr)] |
| 518 | A bad life is just a drawn-out death [Democritus (attr)] |
| 497 | Be virtuous from duty, not from fear [Democritus (attr)] |
| 499 | Repentance of shameful deeds is salvation [Democritus (attr)] |
| 524 | Virtue comes more from practice than from nature [Democritus (attr)] |
| 519 | One must avoid even speaking of evil deeds [Democritus (attr)] |
| 500 | The wrongdoer is more unfortunate than the person wronged [Democritus (attr)] |
| 1539 | The endless desire for money is a crueller slavery than poverty [Democritus (attr)] |
| 526 | Small appetite makes poverty equal to wealth [Democritus (attr)] |
| 511 | It is better to have one intelligent friend than many unintelligent [Democritus (attr)] |
| 498 | It is a great thing, when one is in adversity, to think of duty [Democritus (attr)] |
| 1541 | It is better to be poor in a democracy than be rich without freedom [Democritus (attr)] |
| 21392 | People change laws for advantage; either there is no justice, or it is a form of self-injury [Carneades, by Lactantius] |