Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Arthur C. Danto and Beth Lord

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5 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 5. Later European Thought

21855

Only in the 1780s did it become acceptable to read Spinoza [Lord]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

20653

Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]

15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 10. Conatus/Striving

21866

Hobbes and Spinoza use 'conatus' to denote all endeavour for advantage in nature [Lord]

21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 6. Art as Institution

20328

A thing is only seen as art in an 'artworld', which has a theory and a history [Danto]

20441

An ordinary object can be a work of art, but only if some theory of art supports it [Danto]