Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, David Fair and Rescher,N/Oppenheim,P

expand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these philosophers

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4 ideas

9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 8. Parts of Objects / c. Wholes from parts

12887

A whole must have one characteristic, an internal relation, and a structure [Rescher/Oppenheim]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

20653

Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 4. Naturalised causation

8326	Science has shown that causal relations are just transfers of energy or momentum [Fair, by Sosa/Tooley]

10379

Fair shifted his view to talk of counterfactuals about energy flow [Fair, by Schaffer,J]