Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Hermann Weyl and Richard T.W. Arthur

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5 ideas

2. Reason / D. Definition / 1. Definitions

15927

Definition just needs negation, known variables, conjunction, disjunction, substitution and quantification [Weyl, by Lavine]

10. Modality / B. Possibility / 1. Possibility

19378

Early modern possibility is what occurs sometime; for Leibniz, it is what is not contradictory [Arthur,R]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

20653

Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]

17. Mind and Body / A. Mind-Body Dualism / 4. Occasionalism

19380

Occasionalism contradicts the Eucharist, which needs genuine changes of substance [Arthur,R]

26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 8. Scientific Essentialism / e. Anti scientific essentialism

10246

The limit of science is isomorphism of theories, with essences a matter of indifference [Weyl]