Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, J.M.E. McTaggart and Isaiah Berlin

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20 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 1. History of Ideas
7460 The great moments are the death of Aristotle, Machiavelli, and Romanticism [Berlin, by Watson]
1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 5. Later European Thought
7662 Romanticism is the greatest change in the consciousness of the West [Berlin]
7. Existence / B. Change in Existence / 1. Nature of Change
15200 How could change consist of a conjunction of changeless facts? [McTaggart, by Le Poidevin]
14761 Change is not just having two different qualities at different points in some series [McTaggart]
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined
22628 Substance has to exist, with no intrinsic qualities or relations [McTaggart]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction
20653 Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]
20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 3. Acting on Reason / b. Intellectualism
7665 Most Enlightenment thinkers believed that virtue consists ultimately in knowledge [Berlin]
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 3. Virtues / a. Virtues
7676 If we are essentially free wills, authenticity and sincerity are the highest virtues [Berlin]
23. Ethics / D. Deontological Ethics / 2. Duty
7664 The Greeks have no notion of obligation or duty [Berlin]
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 1. Existentialism
7677 Central to existentialism is the romantic idea that there is nothing to lean on [Berlin]
25. Social Practice / A. Freedoms / 5. Freedom of lifestyle
20544 Berlin distinguishes 'negative' and 'positive' liberty, and rejects the latter [Berlin, by Swift]
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 1. Nature of Time / b. Relative time
2608 For McTaggart time is seen either as fixed, or as relative to events [McTaggart, by Ayer]
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 1. Nature of Time / i. Denying time
22936 A-series time positions are contradictory, and yet all events occupy all of them! [McTaggart, by Le Poidevin]
4231 Time involves change, only the A-series explains change, but it involves contradictions, so time is unreal [McTaggart, by Lowe]
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / a. Experience of time
8591 There could be no time if nothing changed [McTaggart]
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / d. Time series
22935 The B-series can be inferred from the A-series, but not the other way round [McTaggart, by Le Poidevin]
7802 A-series uses past, present and future; B-series uses 'before' and 'after' [McTaggart, by Girle]
4230 A-series expressions place things in time, and their truth varies; B-series is relative, and always true [McTaggart, by Lowe]
15199 The B-series must depend on the A-series, because change must be explained [McTaggart, by Le Poidevin]
29. Religion / B. Monotheistic Religion / 2. Judaism
7663 Judaism and Christianity views are based on paternal, family and tribal relations [Berlin]