Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Michael Hallett and GE Hughes/M Cresswell

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9 ideas

4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 2. Tools of Propositional Logic / b. Terminology of PL

9540	A 'value-assignment' (V) is when to each variable in the set V assigns either the value 1 or the value 0 [Hughes/Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 2. Tools of Propositional Logic / d. Basic theorems of PL

9541	The Law of Transposition says (P→Q) → (¬Q→¬P) [Hughes/Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 4. Soundness of PL

9543	The rules preserve validity from the axioms, so no thesis negates any other thesis [Hughes/Cresswell]

4. Formal Logic / F. Set Theory ST / 4. Axioms for Sets / a. Axioms for sets

17833

The first-order ZF axiomatisation is highly non-categorical [Hallett,M]

17834

Non-categoricity reveals a sort of incompleteness, with sets existing that the axioms don't reveal [Hallett,M]

4. Formal Logic / F. Set Theory ST / 7. Natural Sets

17837

Zermelo allows ur-elements, to enable the widespread application of set-theory [Hallett,M]

5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 4. Completeness

9544	A system is 'weakly' complete if all wffs are derivable, and 'strongly' if theses are maximised [Hughes/Cresswell]

6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 5. The Infinite / g. Continuum Hypothesis

17836

The General Continuum Hypothesis and its negation are both consistent with ZF [Hallett,M]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

20653

Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]