Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Naguib Mahfouz and Robert Grosseteste

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3 ideas

1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 2. Wise People

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Tell cleverness from answers, but wisdom from questions [Mahfouz]

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / b. Need for substance

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By comparing qualities and features, reason can gradually infer the nature of substance [Grosseteste]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

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Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]