Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Nuel D. Belnap and Beth Lord

expand these ideas     |    start again     |     specify just one area for these philosophers

---

5 ideas

1. Philosophy / B. History of Ideas / 5. Later European Thought

21855

Only in the 1780s did it become acceptable to read Spinoza [Lord]

14. Science / C. Induction / 5. Paradoxes of Induction / b. Raven paradox

19000

Read 'all ravens are black' as about ravens, not as about an implication [Belnap]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / a. Types of explanation

17897

Analytic explanation is wholes in terms of parts; synthetic is parts in terms of wholes or contexts [Belnap]

14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction

20653

Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]

15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 10. Conatus/Striving

21866

Hobbes and Spinoza use 'conatus' to denote all endeavour for advantage in nature [Lord]