Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for H.Putnam/P.Oppenheim, Vittorio Hsle and Avineri,S/De-Shalit,A

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8 ideas

1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 3. Metaphysical Systems
Early Romantics sought a plurality of systems, in a quest for freedom [Hösle]
14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / j. Explanations by reduction
Six reduction levels: groups, lives, cells, molecules, atoms, particles [Putnam/Oppenheim, by Watson]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 6. Liberalism / a. Liberalism basics
Liberalism is minimal government, or individual rights, or equality [Avineri/De-Shalit]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 6. Liberalism / g. Liberalism critique
Can individualist theories justify an obligation to fight in a war? [Avineri/De-Shalit]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 7. Communitarianism / a. Communitarianism
Autonomy is better achieved within a community [Avineri/De-Shalit]
Communitarians avoid oppression for the common good, by means of small mediating communities [Avineri/De-Shalit]
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 7. Communitarianism / b. Against communitarianism
If our values are given to us by society then we have no grounds to criticise them [Avineri/De-Shalit]
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 5. Education / d. Study of history
In the 18th century history came to be seen as progressive, rather than cyclical [Hösle]