Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for Phil Dowe, C.I. Lewis and Michael Frede

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28 ideas

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 2. Ancient Philosophy / e. Late classical philosophy
23326 In the third century Stoicism died out, replaced by Platonism, with Aristotelian ethics [Frede,M]
23335 In late antiquity nearly all philosophers were monotheists [Frede,M]
1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 3. Earlier European Philosophy / b. Early medieval philosophy
16137 Earlier views of Aristotle were dominated by 'Categories' [Frede,M]
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 1. On Reason
23249 The early philosophers thought that reason has its own needs and desires [Frede,M]
4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 3. Modal Logic Systems / h. System S5
7791 The simplest of the logics based on possible worlds is Lewis's S5 [Lewis,CI, by Girle]
5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 1. Overview of Logic
9358 There are several logics, none of which will ever derive falsehoods from truth [Lewis,CI]
5. Theory of Logic / D. Assumptions for Logic / 2. Excluded Middle
9357 Excluded middle is just our preference for a simplified dichotomy in experience [Lewis,CI]
5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / a. Names
9364 Names represent a uniformity in experience, or they name nothing [Lewis,CI]
9. Objects / E. Objects over Time / 9. Ship of Theseus
16157 Insurance on the original ship would hardly be paid out if the plank version was wrecked! [Frede,M]
10. Modality / A. Necessity / 2. Nature of Necessity
11002 Equating necessity with informal provability is the S4 conception of necessity [Lewis,CI, by Read]
10. Modality / A. Necessity / 11. Denial of Necessity
9362 Necessary truths are those we will maintain no matter what [Lewis,CI]
10. Modality / B. Possibility / 8. Conditionals / a. Conditionals
7803 Modal logic began with translation difficulties for 'If...then' [Lewis,CI, by Girle]
12. Knowledge Sources / A. A Priori Knowledge / 7. A Priori from Convention
9365 We can maintain a priori principles come what may, but we can also change them [Lewis,CI]
12. Knowledge Sources / E. Direct Knowledge / 4. Memory
21500 We rely on memory for empirical beliefs because they mutually support one another [Lewis,CI]
21501 If we doubt memories we cannot assess our doubt, or what is being doubted [Lewis,CI]
13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 4. Foundationalism / a. Foundationalism
6556 If anything is to be probable, then something must be certain [Lewis,CI]
13. Knowledge Criteria / B. Internal Justification / 5. Coherentism / b. Pro-coherentism
21498 Congruents assertions increase the probability of each individual assertion in the set [Lewis,CI]
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 2. Sources of Free Will
23333 The idea of free will achieved universal acceptance because of Christianity [Frede,M]
23337 The Stoics needed free will, to allow human choices in a divinely providential cosmos [Frede,M]
23334 For Christians man has free will by creation in God's image (as in Genesis) [Frede,M]
18. Thought / C. Content / 8. Intension
5828 Extension is the class of things, intension is the correct definition of the thing, and intension determines extension [Lewis,CI]
18. Thought / E. Abstraction / 2. Abstracta by Selection
9361 We have to separate the mathematical from physical phenomena by abstraction [Lewis,CI]
20. Action / B. Preliminaries of Action / 2. Willed Action / a. Will to Act
23336 There is no will for Plato or Aristotle, because actions come directly from perception of what is good [Frede,M]
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 4. Naturalised causation
4787 Causation interaction is an exchange of conserved quantities, such as mass, energy or charge [Dowe, by Psillos]
14586 Physical causation consists in transference of conserved quantities [Dowe, by Mumford/Anjum]
26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 8. Scientific Essentialism / a. Scientific essentialism
9363 Science seeks classification which will discover laws, essences, and predictions [Lewis,CI]
26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 9. Counterfactual Claims
4788 Dowe commends the Conserved Quantity theory as it avoids mention of counterfactuals [Dowe, by Psillos]
29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 4. Dualist Religion
23313 The Gnostic demiurge (creator) is deluded, and doesn't care about us [Frede,M]