Combining Philosophers

All the ideas for Stephen Houlgate, John Cottingham and Oswald Spengler

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6 ideas

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / c. Types of substance

4304	Descartes says there are two substance, Spinoza one, and Leibniz infinitely many [Cottingham]

12. Knowledge Sources / C. Rationalism / 1. Rationalism

4303	The notion of substance lies at the heart of rationalist metaphysics [Cottingham]

20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 3. Acting on Reason / a. Practical reason

4316	Either all action is rational, or reason dominates, or reason is only concerned with means [Cottingham]

22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / b. Defining ethics

21788

The moral will is self-determining, but the ethical will is met in society [Houlgate]

24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 5. Culture

20948

Human cultures are organisms which grow, and then fade and die [Spengler, by Bowie]

26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity

4306	For rationalists, it is necessary that effects be deducible from their causes [Cottingham]