Combining Philosophers
Ideas for Rescher,N/Oppenheim,P, Sophocles and Aristotle
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21 ideas
4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 1. Aristotelian Logic
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22272
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Aristotle's later logic had to treat 'Socrates' as 'everything that is Socrates' [Potter on Aristotle]
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9405
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Square of Opposition: not both true, or not both false; one-way implication; opposite truth-values [Aristotle]
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22271
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Aristotle was the first to use schematic letters in logic [Aristotle, by Potter]
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11060
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Aristotelian syllogisms are three-part, subject-predicate, existentially committed, with laws of thought [Aristotle, by Hanna]
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18909
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Aristotelian sentences are made up by one of four 'formative' connectors [Aristotle, by Engelbretsen]
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8080
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Aristotelian identified 256 possible syllogisms, saying that 19 are valid [Aristotle, by Devlin]
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13912
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Aristotle replaced Plato's noun-verb form with unions of pairs of terms by one of four 'copulae' [Aristotle, by Engelbretsen/Sayward]
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8071
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Aristotle listed nineteen valid syllogisms (though a few of them were wrong) [Aristotle, by Devlin]
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4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 2. Syllogistic Logic
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13819
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Aristotle's said some Fs are G or some Fs are not G, forgetting that there might be no Fs [Bostock on Aristotle]
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4. Formal Logic / B. Propositional Logic PL / 2. Tools of Propositional Logic / e. Axioms of PL
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1668
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An axiom is a principle which must be understood if one is to learn anything [Aristotle]
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562
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Axioms are the underlying principles of everything, and who but the philosopher can assess their truth? [Aristotle]
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573
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The axioms of mathematics are part of philosophy [Aristotle]
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4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 1. Modal Logic
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9728
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Modal Square 1: □P and ¬◊¬P are 'contraries' of □¬P and ¬◊P [Aristotle, by Fitting/Mendelsohn]
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9729
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Modal Square 2: ¬□¬P and ◊P are 'subcontraries' of ¬□P and ◊¬P [Aristotle, by Fitting/Mendelsohn]
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9730
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Modal Square 3: □P and ¬◊¬P are 'contradictories' of ¬□P and ◊¬P [Aristotle, by Fitting/Mendelsohn]
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9731
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Modal Square 4: □¬P and ¬◊P are 'contradictories' of ¬□¬P and ◊P [Aristotle, by Fitting/Mendelsohn]
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9732
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Modal Square 5: □P and ¬◊¬P are 'subalternatives' of ¬□¬P and ◊P [Aristotle, by Fitting/Mendelsohn]
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9733
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Modal Square 6: □¬P and ¬◊P are 'subalternatives' of ¬□P and ◊¬P [Aristotle, by Fitting/Mendelsohn]
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4. Formal Logic / D. Modal Logic ML / 4. Alethic Modal Logic
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9403
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There are three different deductions for actual terms, necessary terms and possible terms [Aristotle]
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4. Formal Logic / G. Formal Mereology / 1. Mereology
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13270
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Are a part and whole one or many? Either way, what is the cause? [Aristotle]
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13282
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Aristotle relativises the notion of wholeness to different measures [Aristotle, by Koslicki]
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