Full Idea
In philosophical anthropology, the view that there is a human nature or essence is called 'essentialism'. It became current in 1946 as a contrast to Sartre's existentialist view.
Gist of Idea
'Essentialism' is opposed to existentialism, and claims there is a human nature
Source
Thomas Mautner (Penguin Dictionary of Philosophy [1996], p.179)
Book Reference
Mautner,Thomas: 'Dictionary of Philosophy' [Penguin 1997], p.179
A Reaction
Being a fan of Aristotle, I incline towards the older view, but you cannot get away from the fact that the human brain has similarities to a Universal Turing Machine, and diverse cultures produce very different individuals.