Full Idea
Empedocles was the first to give evil and good as principles.
Gist of Idea
Empedocles said good and evil were the basic principles
Source
report of Empedocles (fragments/reports [c.453 BCE]) by Aristotle - Metaphysics 985a
Book Reference
Aristotle: 'Metaphysics', ed/tr. Lawson-Tancred,Hugh [Penguin 1998], p.17
A Reaction
Once you start to think that good and evil will only matter if they have causal powers, it is an easy step to the idea of a benevolent god, and a satanic anti-god. Otherwise the 'principles' could be ignored.