Full Idea
There are two related but distinguishable questions concerning proper names: what the speaker denotes (upon an occasion), and what the name denotes.
Gist of Idea
We must distinguish what the speaker denotes by a name, from what the name denotes
Source
Gareth Evans (The Causal Theory of Names [1973], §I)
Book Reference
Evans,Gareth: 'Collected Papers' [OUP 1985], p.1
A Reaction
I don't think any account of language makes sense without this sort of distinction, as in my favourite example: the password is 'swordfish'. So how does language gets its own meanings, independent of what speakers intend?