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Single Idea 14206

[filed under theme 19. Language / F. Communication / 6. Interpreting Language / b. Indeterminate translation ]

Full Idea

There are always infinitely many different interpretations of the predicates of a language which assign 'correct' truth-values to the sentences in all possible worlds, no matter how those 'correct' truth-values are singled out.

Gist of Idea

There are infinitely many interpretations of a sentence which can all seem to be 'correct'

Source

Hilary Putnam (Reason, Truth and History [1981], Ch.2)

Book Ref

Putnam,Hilary: 'Reason, Truth and History' [CUP 1998], p.35

A Reaction

Putnam says that he is using this argument from model theory to endorse the scepticism about 'gavagai' that Quine expressed in 1960. It is based on the ideas of Skolem, who was a renegade philosopher of mathematics. See Tim Button.

Related Ideas

Idea 14205 The sentence 'A cat is on a mat' remains always true when 'cat' means cherry and 'mat' means tree [Putnam]

Idea 14207 If cats equal cherries, model theory allows reinterpretation of the whole language preserving truth [Putnam]

The 19 ideas with the same theme [full translation may be a logical impossibility]:

6318 The doctrine of indeterminacy of translation seems implied by the later Wittgenstein [Wittgenstein, by Quine]
18963 Indeterminacy translating 'rabbit' depends on translating individuation terms [Quine]
1631 You could know the complete behavioural conditions for a foreign language, and still not know their beliefs [Quine]
1632 Translation of our remote past or language could be as problematic as alien languages [Quine]
3988 Indeterminacy of translation also implies indeterminacy in interpreting people's mental states [Dennett on Quine]
6311 The firmer the links between sentences and stimuli, the less translations can diverge [Quine]
6312 We can never precisely pin down how to translate the native word 'Gavagai' [Quine]
6313 Stimulus synonymy of 'Gavagai' and 'Rabbit' does not even guarantee they are coextensive [Quine]
6317 Dispositions to speech behaviour, and actual speech, are never enough to fix any one translation [Quine]
6270 The correct translation is the one that explains the speaker's behaviour [Putnam]
6283 Language maps the world in many ways (because it maps onto other languages in many ways) [Putnam]
14206 There are infinitely many interpretations of a sentence which can all seem to be 'correct' [Putnam]
6399 Criteria of translation give us the identity of conceptual schemes [Davidson]
6179 Should we assume translation to define truth, or the other way around? [Blackburn on Davidson]
3495 Shared Background makes translation possible, though variation makes it hard [Searle]
3083 Many predicates totally resist translation, so a universal underlying structure to languages is unlikely [Harman]
3698 Indeterminacy of translation is actually indeterminacy of meaning and belief [Bonjour]
2763 There is an indeterminacy in juggling apparent meanings against probable beliefs [Dancy,J]
6341 Right translation is a mapping of languages which preserves basic patterns of usage [Horwich]