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Single Idea 15993

[filed under theme 26. Natural Theory / B. Natural Kinds / 4. Source of Kinds ]

Full Idea

The things that, as far as observation reaches, we constantly find to proceed regularly, do act by a law set them; but yet by a law that we know not; ..their connections and dependencies being not discoverable in our ideas, we need experimental knowledge.

Gist of Idea

If we observe total regularity, there must be some unknown law and relationships controlling it

Source

John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 4.03.29)

Book Ref

Locke,John: 'Essay Concerning Human Understanding', ed/tr. Nidditch,P.H. [OUP 1979], p.560


A Reaction

In Idea 15992 he expressed scepticism about the amount of regularity that is actually found, with many so-called 'kinds' being quite irregular in their members. I agree. The only true natural kinds are the totally regular ones. Why a 'law'?

Related Idea

Idea 15992 Many individuals grouped under one name vary more than some things that have different names [Locke]


The 13 ideas with the same theme [what underlies the divisions of natural kinds]:

Logos is the source of everything, and my theories separate and explain each nature [Heraclitus]
If we observe total regularity, there must be some unknown law and relationships controlling it [Locke]
The hidden structure of a natural kind determines membership in all possible worlds [Putnam]
Natural kind structures go right down to the bottom level [Ellis]
Essentialism says natural kinds are fundamental to nature, and determine the laws [Ellis]
Natural kinds are distinguished by resting on essences [Ellis]
The properties of an electron can't be explained just as 'clustering' [Chakravartty on Boyd]
Properties cluster together, either because of intrinsic relations, or because of an underlying process [Boyd, by Chakravartty]
Natural kinds, such as electrons, all behave the same way because we divide them by dispositions [Mumford]
There is nothing more to a natural kind than a real pattern in nature [Ladyman/Ross]
Some kinds, such as electrons, have essences, but 'cluster kinds' do not [Chakravartty]
Concepts for species are either intrinsic structure, or relations like breeding or ancestry [Koslicki]
Kinds are fixed by the essential properties of things - the properties that make it that kind of thing [Eagle]