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Single Idea 16941

[filed under theme 14. Science / C. Induction / 1. Induction ]

Full Idea

Induction expresses our hopes that similar causes will have similar effects.

Gist of Idea

Induction relies on similar effects following from each cause

Source

Willard Quine (Natural Kinds [1969], p.125)

Book Ref

Quine,Willard: 'Ontological Relativity and Other Essays' [Columbia 1969], p.125

A Reaction

Some top philosophers are also top teachers, and Quine was one of them, in his writings. He boils it down for the layman. Once again, he is pointing to the fundamental role of the similarity relation.

The 27 ideas with the same theme [obtaining general truth from many instances]:

5854 Nobody fears a disease which nobody has yet caught [Aristotle]
12271 Induction is the progress from particulars to universals [Aristotle]
5714 Even simple facts are hard to believe at first hearing [Lucretius]
17027 Science deduces propositions from phenomena, and generalises them by induction [Newton]
7446 The idea of inductive evidence, around 1660, made Hume's problem possible [Hume, by Hacking]
16845 The whole theory of induction rests on causes [Mill]
16843 Mill's methods (Difference,Agreement,Residues,Concomitance,Hypothesis) don't nail induction [Mill, by Lipton]
8624 Induction is merely psychological, with a principle that it can actually establish laws [Frege]
8626 In science one observation can create high probability, while a thousand might prove nothing [Frege]
22200 If you eliminate the impossible, the truth will remain, even if it is weird [Conan Doyle]
16941 Induction relies on similar effects following from each cause [Quine]
16940 Induction is just more of the same: animal expectations [Quine]
6955 Enumerative induction is inference to the best explanation [Harman]
7369 Brains are essentially anticipation machines [Dennett]
16804 Induction is repetition, instances, deduction, probability or causation [Lipton]
9163 If we only use induction to assess induction, it is empirically indefeasible, and hence a priori [Field,H]
6352 Enumerative induction gives a universal judgement, while statistical induction gives a proportion [Pollock/Cruz]
15708 Inductive success is rewarded with more induction [Gelman]
16254 Induction leaps into the unknown, but usually lands safely [Maudlin]
4584 The problem of induction is how to justify our belief in the uniformity of nature [Baggini /Fosl]
18690 Induction is said to just compare properties of categories, but the type of property also matters [Murphy]
14953 Induction is reasoning from the observed to the unobserved [Ladyman/Ross]
22176 Induction is inferences from examined to unexamined instances of a given kind [Okasha]
18609 Psychologists use 'induction' as generalising a property from one category to another [Machery]
18610 'Ampliative' induction infers that all members of a category have a feature found in some of them [Machery]
14551 If causation were necessary, the past would fix the future, and induction would be simple [Mumford/Anjum]
14571 The only full uniformities in nature occur from the essences of fundamental things [Mumford/Anjum]