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Single Idea 20190

[filed under theme 11. Knowledge Aims / A. Knowledge / 4. Belief / d. Cause of beliefs ]

Full Idea

Descartes claimed that belief is not purely an intellectual state or act, since it is not the intellect that affirms or denies a proposition proposed for its consideration, but the will.

Gist of Idea

Belief is not an intellectual state or act, because propositions are affirmed or denied by the will

Source

report of René Descartes (Meditations [1641], IV) by Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski - Virtues of the Mind 4.2

Book Ref

Zagzebski,Linda: 'Virtues of the Mind' [CUP 1996], p.63

A Reaction

This is the canonical idea of 'doxastic voluntarism' - that we choose what to believe or not believe. In modern times this view has become deeply unfashionable. I don't we should wholly reject the possibility of choosing to believe something.

The 15 ideas with the same theme [what triggers beliefs]:

2076 How can a belief exist if its object doesn't exist? [Plato]
23359 We can't believe apparent falsehoods, or deny apparent truths [Epictetus]
20190 Belief is not an intellectual state or act, because propositions are affirmed or denied by the will [Descartes, by Zagzebski]
12574 When two ideas agree in my mind, I cannot refuse to see and know it [Locke]
3661 'Natural beliefs' are unavoidable, whatever our judgements [Hume, by Strawson,G]
2213 Beliefs are built up by resemblance, contiguity and causation [Hume]
20189 Belief is a feeling, independent of the will, which arises from uncontrolled and unknown causes [Hume]
20945 Belief is no more rational than is tasting and smelling [Hamann]
5366 We have an 'instinctive' belief in the external world, prior to all reflection [Russell]
22328 I just confront the evidence, and let it act on me [Ramsey]
12651 Some beliefs are only inferred when needed, like 'Shakespeare had not telephone' [Fodor]
2715 Beliefs are based on perception, memory, introspection or reason [Audi,R]
20191 Some beliefs are fairly voluntary, and others are not at all so [Zagzebski]
6635 Causal theories of belief make all beliefs true, and can't explain belief about the future [Lowe]
4763 'Evidentialists' say, and 'voluntarists' deny, that we only believe on the basis of evidence [Engel]