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Single Idea 20394
[filed under theme 21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 6. Value of Art
]
Full Idea
According to Hegel, the goal of art was to serve as a phase in a process by which Spirit would come to understand its own nature.
Gist of Idea
The purpose of art is to reveal to Spirit its own nature
Source
report of Georg W.F.Hegel (Lectures on Aesthetics [1826]) by Stephen Davies - The Philosophy of Art (2nd ed) 2.7
Book Ref
Davies,Stephen: 'The Philosophy of Art (2nd ed)' [Wiley Blackwell 2016], p.43
A Reaction
I try very hard to understand ideas like this. Really really hard. However, since I see little sign of 'Spirit' really understanding its own nature, I'm guessing that the project is not going well.
The
207 ideas
from Georg W.F.Hegel
5644
|
In Hegel's logic it is concepts (rather than judgements or propositions) which are true or false
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
15607
|
We don't think with concepts - we think the concepts
[Hegel]
|
15608
|
The act of thinking is the bringing forth of universals
[Hegel]
|
15609
|
The sensible is distinguished from thought by being about singular things
[Hegel]
|
15610
|
Active thought about objects produces the universal, which is what is true and essential of it
[Hegel]
|
19072
|
In the deeper sense of truth, to be untrue resembles being bad; badness is untrue to a thing's nature
[Hegel]
|
19071
|
The deeper sense of truth is a thing matching the idea of what it ought to be
[Hegel]
|
19070
|
Superficial truth is knowing how something is, which is consciousness of bare correctness
[Hegel]
|
19073
|
True philosophy aims at absolute unity, while our understanding sees only separation
[Hegel]
|
21768
|
Logic is metaphysics, the science of things grasped in thoughts
[Hegel]
|
22081
|
Let thought follow its own course, and don't interfere
[Hegel]
|
22078
|
Even simple propositions about sensations are filled with categories
[Hegel]
|
15612
|
Older metaphysics naively assumed that thought grasped things in themselves
[Hegel]
|
15613
|
Real cognition grasps a thing from within itself, and is not satisfied with mere predicates
[Hegel]
|
15614
|
Old metaphysics tried to grasp eternal truths through causal events, which is impossible
[Hegel]
|
15615
|
Older metaphysics became dogmatic, by assuming opposed assertions must be true and false
[Hegel]
|
15616
|
If truth is just non-contradiction, we must take care that our basic concepts aren't contradictory
[Hegel]
|
15617
|
In abstraction, beyond finitude, freedom and necessity must exist together
[Hegel]
|
15618
|
If God is the abstract of Supremely Real Essence, then God is a mere Beyond, and unknowable
[Hegel]
|
15619
|
Empiricism made particular knowledge possible, and blocked wild claims
[Hegel]
|
15620
|
Empiricism contains the important idea that we should see knowledge for ourselves, and be part of it
[Hegel]
|
15622
|
Empiricism unknowingly contains and uses a metaphysic, which underlies its categories
[Hegel]
|
15621
|
Empiricism of the finite denies the supersensible, and can only think with formal abstraction
[Hegel]
|
15623
|
Humean scepticism, unlike ancient Greek scepticism, accepts the truth of experience as basic
[Hegel]
|
15624
|
Free thinking has no presuppositions
[Hegel]
|
15625
|
Sense perception is secondary and dependent, while thought is independent and primitive
[Hegel]
|
15626
|
Categories create objective experience, but are too conditioned by things to actually grasp them
[Hegel]
|
15628
|
The idea that contradiction is essential to rational understanding is a key modern idea
[Hegel]
|
15629
|
Tenderness for the world solves the antinomies; contradiction is in our reason, not in the essence of the world
[Hegel]
|
15630
|
Antinomies are not just in four objects, but in all objects, all representations, all objects and all ideas
[Hegel]
|
15631
|
The ideal of reason is the unification of abstract identity (or 'concept') and being
[Hegel]
|
15632
|
The Humean view stops us thinking about perception, and finding universals and necessities in it
[Hegel]
|
15633
|
We establish unification of the Ideal by the ontological proof, deriving being from abstraction of thinking
[Hegel]
|
15634
|
Thought about particulars is done entirely through categories
[Hegel]
|
15635
|
The older conception of God was emptied of human features, to make it worthy of the Infinite
[Hegel]
|
15636
|
The Cogito is at the very centre of the entire concern of modern philosophy
[Hegel]
|
15637
|
Essence is the essential self-positing unity of immediacy and mediation
[Hegel]
|
21767
|
Dialectic is seen in popular proverbs like 'pride comes before a fall'
[Hegel]
|
15638
|
Dialectic is the moving soul of scientific progression, the principle which binds science together
[Hegel]
|
15639
|
Socratic dialectic is subjective, but Plato made it freely scientific and objective
[Hegel]
|
21980
|
God is the absolute thing, and also the absolute person
[Hegel]
|
21981
|
The one substance is formless without the mediation of dialectical concepts
[Hegel]
|
21986
|
Hegel's system has a vast number of basic concepts
[Hegel, by Moore,AW]
|
21984
|
We must break up the rigidity that our understanding has imposed
[Hegel]
|
21595
|
Excluded middle is the maxim of definite understanding, but just produces contradictions
[Hegel]
|
22300
|
Existence is just a set of relationships
[Hegel]
|
22039
|
Geist is distinct from nature, not as a substance, but because of its normativity
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
22040
|
Freedom is produced by the activity of the mind, and is not intrinsically given
[Hegel]
|
21756
|
All revolutions result from spirit changing its categories, to achieve a deeper understanding
[Hegel]
|
22077
|
Metaphysics is the lattice which makes incoming material intelligible
[Hegel]
|
20109
|
Hegel inserted society and history between the God-world, man-nature, man-being binary pairs
[Hegel, by Safranski]
|
23270
|
We should all agree that there is reason in history
[Hegel]
|
23276
|
The soul of the people is an organisation of its members which produces an essential unity
[Hegel]
|
23275
|
The state of nature is one of untamed brutality
[Hegel]
|
23272
|
The human race matters, and individuals have little importance
[Hegel]
|
23273
|
In a good state the goal of the citizens and of the whole state are united
[Hegel]
|
23271
|
The goal of the world is Spirit's consciousness and enactment of freedom
[Hegel]
|
23274
|
World history has no room for happiness
[Hegel]
|
21974
|
The world seems rational to those who look at it rationally
[Hegel]
|
21753
|
If we look at the world rationally, the world assumes a rational aspect
[Hegel]
|
22043
|
Hegel largely ignores aesthetic pleasure, taste and beauty, and focuses on the meaning of artworks
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
22042
|
Natural beauty is unimportant, because it doesn't show human freedom
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
20413
|
For Hegel the importance of art concerns the culture, not the individual
[Hegel, by Eldridge]
|
20394
|
The purpose of art is to reveal to Spirit its own nature
[Hegel, by Davies,S]
|
21794
|
The main purpose of art is to express the unity of human life
[Hegel]
|
18549
|
Nineteenth century aesthetics focused on art rather than nature (thanks to Hegel)
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
21795
|
What I hold true must also be part of my feelings and character
[Hegel]
|
21793
|
Genuine truth is the resolution of the highest contradiction
[Hegel]
|
20415
|
Art forms a bridge between the sensuous world and the world of pure thought
[Hegel]
|
21757
|
Philosophy is the conceptual essence of the shape of history
[Hegel]
|
21798
|
To universalise 'give everything to the poor' leads to absurdity
[Hegel]
|
21797
|
Immortality does not come at a later time, but when pure knowing Spirit fully grasps the universal
[Hegel]
|
22041
|
Representatives by region ignores whether they care about the national interest
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
21781
|
The absolute right is the right to have rights
[Hegel]
|
21785
|
We are only free, with rights, if we claim our freedom, and there are no natural rights
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
7083
|
Highest reason is aesthetic, and truth and good are subordinate to beauty
[Hegel]
|
22035
|
The structure of reason is a social and historical achievement
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
21776
|
Philosophy aims to reveal the necessity and rationality of the categories of nature and spirit
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
5647
|
Hegel claims knowledge of self presupposes desire, and hence objects
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
5648
|
For Hegel knowledge of self presupposes objects, and also a public and moral social world
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
22033
|
Hegel tried to avoid Kant's dualism of neutral intuitions and imposed concepts
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
21773
|
Experience is immediacy, unity, forces, self-awareness, reason, culture, absolute being
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
15611
|
I develop philosophical science from the simplest appearance of immediate consciousness
[Hegel, by Hegel]
|
20741
|
Consciousness is shaped dialectically, by opposing forces and concepts
[Hegel, by Aho]
|
21774
|
Genuine idealism is seeing the ideal structure of the world
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
22034
|
Modern life needs individuality, but must recognise that human agency is social
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
6915
|
Hegel made the last attempt to restore Christianity, which philosophy had destroyed
[Hegel, by Feuerbach]
|
6917
|
God is the essence of thought, abstracted from the thinker
[Hegel, by Feuerbach]
|
21987
|
History is the progress of the consciousness of freedom
[Hegel]
|
21770
|
Consciousness is both of objects, and of itself
[Hegel]
|
21771
|
Consciousness derives its criterion of knowledge from direct knowledge of its own being
[Hegel]
|
22082
|
Truth does not appear by asserting reasons and then counter-reasons
[Hegel]
|
21775
|
The God of revealed religion can only be understood through pure speculative knowledge
[Hegel]
|
8927
|
Philosophy moves essentially in the element of universality
[Hegel]
|
8928
|
The Absolute is not supposed to be comprehended, but felt and intuited
[Hegel]
|
8929
|
In the Absolute everything is the same
[Hegel]
|
7077
|
The true is the whole
[Hegel]
|
8930
|
The in-itself must become for-itself, which requires self-consciousness
[Hegel]
|
8931
|
The movement of pure essences constitutes the nature of scientific method
[Hegel]
|
8932
|
Truth does not come from giving reasons for and against propositions
[Hegel]
|
8933
|
Science confronts the inner necessities of objects
[Hegel]
|
8934
|
Being is Thought
[Hegel]
|
8935
|
Without philosophy, science is barren and futile
[Hegel]
|
8936
|
Human nature only really exists in an achieved community of minds
[Hegel]
|
21796
|
Man is God if he raises himself, by denying his nature and finitude
[Hegel]
|
21783
|
State slavery is a phase of education, moving towards a full culture
[Hegel]
|
21784
|
Slavery is unjust, because humanity is essentially free
[Hegel]
|
22085
|
Freedom requires us to submit to a family, or a corporation, or a state
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21790
|
Moral individuals become ethical when they see the social aspect of a matter
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
8030
|
For Hegel, the moral life can only be led within a certain type of community
[Hegel, by MacIntyre]
|
21988
|
In the 1840s Hegel seemed to defend society being right as it is, as a manifestation of Mind
[Hegel, by Singer]
|
21787
|
Evil enters a good will when we believe we are doing right, but allow no criticism of our choice
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
8029
|
You can't have a morality which is supplied by the individual, but is also genuinely universal
[Hegel, by MacIntyre]
|
22051
|
The categorical imperative lacks roots in a historical culture
[Hegel, by Bowie]
|
22766
|
Philosophy is exploration of the rational
[Hegel]
|
22767
|
I aim to portray the state as a rational entity
[Hegel]
|
21979
|
Wisdom emerges at the end of a process
[Hegel]
|
21778
|
True liberal freedom is to pursue something, while being free to cease the pursuit
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21779
|
People assume they are free, but the options available are not under their control
[Hegel]
|
22768
|
Subjective and objective are not firmly opposed, but merge into one another
[Hegel]
|
21780
|
A free will primarily wills its own freedoom
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
22769
|
The concept of the will is the free will which wills its freedom
[Hegel]
|
22770
|
A person is a being which is aware of its own self-directed and free subjectivity
[Hegel]
|
22771
|
Be a person, and respect other persons
[Hegel]
|
22772
|
Personality overcomes subjective limitations and posits Dasein as its own
[Hegel]
|
21782
|
Man has an absolute right to appropriate things
[Hegel]
|
22773
|
Because only human beings can own property, everything else can become our property
[Hegel]
|
22774
|
A community does not have the property-owning rights that a person has
[Hegel]
|
22775
|
The owner of a thing is obviously the first person to freely take possession of it
[Hegel]
|
22776
|
Slaves are partly responsible for their own condition
[Hegel]
|
22777
|
Individuals must dedicate themselves to the ethical whole, and give their lives when asked
[Hegel]
|
22778
|
Individuals can't leave the state, because they are natural citizens, and humans require a state
[Hegel]
|
22779
|
The good is realised freedom
[Hegel]
|
22780
|
It is a rejection of intellectual dignity to say that we cannot know the truth
[Hegel]
|
22781
|
The categorical imperative is fine if you already have a set of moral principles
[Hegel]
|
21786
|
Conscience is the right of the self to know what is right and obligatory, and thus make them true
[Hegel]
|
22782
|
To have pagan beliefs and be a pagan are quite different
[Hegel]
|
22783
|
Rights imply duties, and duties imply rights
[Hegel]
|
22784
|
Love is ethical life in its natural form
[Hegel]
|
22785
|
Even educated women are unsuited to science, philosophy, art and government
[Hegel]
|
22786
|
Children need discipline, to break their self-will and eradicate sensuousness
[Hegel]
|
22787
|
The family is the first basis of the state, but estates are a necessary second
[Hegel]
|
22788
|
A human only become a somebody as a member of a social estate
[Hegel]
|
22789
|
Society draws people, and requires their work, making them wholly dependent on it
[Hegel]
|
22790
|
We cannot assert rights which are unnatural
[Hegel]
|
22791
|
The state is the march of God in the world
[Hegel]
|
21791
|
Social groups must focus on the state, which must in turn respect their inclusion and their will
[Hegel]
|
21789
|
Slaves have no duties because they have no rights
[Hegel]
|
22792
|
Individuals attain their right by discovering their self-consciousness in institutions
[Hegel]
|
22793
|
Some religions lead to harsh servitude and the debasement of human beings
[Hegel]
|
22795
|
People can achieve respect for their state by insight into its essence
[Hegel]
|
22794
|
A fully developed state is conscious and knows what it wills
[Hegel]
|
22796
|
A constitution embodies a nation's rights and condition
[Hegel]
|
22798
|
Money is the best way to achieve just equality
[Hegel]
|
22797
|
In modern states an individual's actions should be their choice
[Hegel]
|
22799
|
The people do not have the ability to know the general will
[Hegel]
|
22800
|
Majority rule means obligations can be imposed on me
[Hegel]
|
21792
|
The state should reflect all interests, and not just popular will, or a popular party
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
22801
|
The great man of the ages is the one who reveals and accomplishes the will of his time
[Hegel]
|
22802
|
Wars add strength to a nation, and cure internal dissension
[Hegel]
|
20953
|
Every concept depends on the counter-concepts of what it is not
[Hegel, by Bowie]
|
21763
|
When we explicate the category of being, we watch a new category emerge
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
22058
|
Hegel's 'absolute idea' is the interdependence of all truths to justify any of them
[Hegel, by Bowie]
|
21972
|
Hegel, unlike Kant, said how things appear is the same as how things are
[Hegel, by Moore,AW]
|
22038
|
Hegel's non-subjective idealism is the unity of subjective and objective viewpoints
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
22044
|
Hegel claimed his system was about the world, but it only mapped conceptual interdependence
[Pinkard on Hegel]
|
21464
|
The Absolute is the primitive system of concepts which are actualised
[Hegel, by Gardner]
|
21762
|
To grasp an existence, we must consider its non-existence
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21760
|
Thinking of nothing is not the same as simply not thinking
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21765
|
The ground of a thing is not another thing, but the first thing's substance or rational concept
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
20954
|
The 'absolute idea' is when all the contradictions are exhausted
[Hegel, by Bowie]
|
22059
|
Kant's thing-in-itself is just an abstraction from our knowledge; things only exist for us
[Hegel, by Bowie]
|
22083
|
Hegel believe that the genuine categories reveal things in themselves
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21766
|
Dialectic is the instability of thoughts generating their opposite, and then new more complex thoughts
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21761
|
If we start with indeterminate being, we arrive at being and nothing as a united pair
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21764
|
Thought about being leads to a string of other concepts, like becoming, quantity, specificity, causality...
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
22037
|
Objectivity is not by correspondence, but by the historical determined necessity of Geist
[Hegel, by Pinkard]
|
21983
|
Being and nothing are the same and not the same, which is the identity of identity and non-identity
[Hegel]
|
21978
|
Hegel's dialectic is not thesis-antithesis-synthesis, but usually negation of negation of the negation
[Hegel, by Moore,AW]
|
21977
|
Nothing exists, as thinkable and expressible
[Hegel]
|
21985
|
The so-called world is filled with contradiction
[Hegel]
|
21975
|
The absolute idea is being, imperishable life, self-knowing truth, and all truth
[Hegel]
|
21976
|
The absolute idea is the great unity of the infinite system of concepts
[Hegel, by Moore,AW]
|
22080
|
The nature of each category relates itself to another
[Hegel]
|
22084
|
Authentic thinking and reality have the same content
[Hegel]
|
21772
|
In absolute knowing, the gap between object and oneself closes, producing certainty
[Hegel]
|
21769
|
We must start with absolute abstraction, with no presuppositions, so we start with pure being
[Hegel]
|
5433
|
For Hegel, things are incomplete, and contain external references in their own nature
[Hegel, by Russell]
|
3301
|
On the continent it is generally believed that metaphysics died with Hegel
[Benardete,JA on Hegel]
|
19635
|
Hegel produced modern optimism; he failed to grasp that consciousness never progresses
[Hegel, by Cioran]
|
8215
|
Hegel was the last philosopher of the Book
[Hegel, by Derrida]
|
16011
|
Hegel doesn't storm the heavens like the giants, but works his way up by syllogisms
[Kierkegaard on Hegel]
|
5646
|
Hegel gives an ontological proof of the existence of everything
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
21755
|
For Hegel, categories shift their form in the course of history
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21754
|
Our concepts and categories disclose the world, because we are part of the world
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
22079
|
Hegel said Kant's fixed categories actually vary with culture and era
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
21777
|
Negation of negation doubles back into a self-relationship
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
5645
|
The dialectical opposition of being and nothing is resolved in passing to the concept of becoming
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
20952
|
Rather than in three stages, Hegel presented his dialectic as 'negation of the negation'
[Hegel, by Bowie]
|
9225
|
Hegel reputedly claimed to know a priori that there are five planets
[Hegel, by Field,H]
|
4347
|
When man wills the natural, it is no longer natural
[Hegel]
|
20414
|
Hegel's Absolute Spirit is the union of human rational activity at a moment, and whatever that sustains
[Hegel, by Eldridge]
|
21758
|
Humans have no fixed identity, but produce and reveal their shifting identity in history
[Hegel, by Houlgate]
|
4188
|
Hegel's entire philosophy is nothing but a monstrous amplification of the ontological proof
[Schopenhauer on Hegel]
|
6686
|
Hegel said he was offering an encyclopaedic rationalisation of Christianity
[Hegel, by Graham]
|
3909
|
Society isn’t founded on a contract, since contracts presuppose a society
[Hegel, by Scruton]
|
19661
|
Making sufficient reason an absolute devalues the principle of non-contradiction
[Hegel, by Meillassoux]
|