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Single Idea 21810
[filed under theme 2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 2. Logos
]
Full Idea
The Stoics distinguished between logos prophorikos ('uttered reasoning') and logos endiathetos ('reason stored within').
Gist of Idea
The Stoics distinguished spoken logos from logos within the mind
Source
report of Stoic school (fragments/reports [c.200 BCE]) by Plotinus - The Enneads 5.1.03 n7
Book Ref
Plotinus: 'The Enneads', ed/tr. Mackenna,Stephen [Penguin 1991], p.350
A Reaction
These seems required, since logos is often the 'giving of an account', but it is also the rational principle that rules nature.
The
91 ideas
from Stoic school
20815
|
No wise man has yet been discovered
[Stoic school, by Cicero]
|
20866
|
Wise men participate in politics, especially if it shows moral progress
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
20854
|
Wise men are never astonished at things which other people take to be wonders
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20806
|
Stoic physics concerns cosmos, elements and causes (with six detailed divisions)
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20839
|
Ethics studies impulse, good, passion, virtue, goals, value, action, appropriateness, encouragement
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20867
|
True philosophising is not memorising ideas, but living by them
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
20776
|
Dialectics is mastery of question and answer form
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
21675
|
Some facts are indispensable for an effect, and others actually necessitate the effect
[Stoic school, by Cicero]
|
20775
|
Stoics study canons, criteria and definitions, in order to find the truth
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
21393
|
Stoics believed that rational capacity in man (logos) is embodied in the universe
[Stoic school, by Long]
|
21810
|
The Stoics distinguished spoken logos from logos within the mind
[Stoic school, by Plotinus]
|
20823
|
The truth bearers are said to be the signified, or the signifier, or the meaning of the signifier
[Stoic school, by Sext.Empiricus]
|
20849
|
Falsehoods corrupt a mind, producing passions and instability
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20778
|
Stoics like syllogisms, for showing what is demonstrative, which corrects opinions
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
21400
|
Stoics avoided universals by paraphrasing 'Man is...' as 'If something is a man, then it is...'
[Stoic school, by Long]
|
20788
|
The contradictory of a contradictory is an affirmation
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20817
|
Platonic Forms are just our thoughts
[Stoic school, by Ps-Plutarch]
|
21594
|
Stoics applied bivalence to sorites situations, so everyone is either vicious or wholly virtuous
[Stoic school, by Williamson]
|
20809
|
Eight parts of the soul: five senses, seeds, speech and reason
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20824
|
Stoics have four primary categories: substrates, qualities, dispositions, relative dispositions
[Stoic school, by Simplicius]
|
20786
|
Predicates are incomplete 'lekta'
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20777
|
Rhetoric has three types, four modes, and four sections
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
6037
|
Stoics say matter has qualities, and substance underlies it, with no form or qualities
[Stoic school, by Chalcidius]
|
7672
|
The free will problem was invented by the Stoics
[Stoic school, by Berlin]
|
23267
|
Stoics say the soul is a mixture of air and fire
[Stoic school, by Galen]
|
20826
|
How is separateness possible, if separated things are always said to be united?
[Alexander on Stoic school]
|
20825
|
How is divisibility possible, if stoics say things remain united when they are divided?
[Alexander on Stoic school]
|
20872
|
Stoics say wholes are more than parts, but entirely consist of parts
[Stoic school, by Sext.Empiricus]
|
20790
|
A proposition is possible if it is true when nothing stops it being true
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20789
|
Conditionals are false if the falsehood of the conclusion does not conflict with the antecedent
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20783
|
Knowledge is a secure grasp of presentations which cannot be reversed by argument
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20868
|
Two sorts of opinion: either poorly grounded belief, or weak belief
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
20784
|
There are non-sensible presentations, which come to us through the intellect
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20803
|
Stoics say we are born like a blank sheet of paper; the first concepts on it are sensations
[Stoic school, by Ps-Plutarch]
|
6025
|
At birth the soul is a blank sheet ready to be written on
[Stoic school, by Aetius]
|
23305
|
Stoics said responsibility depends on rationality
[Stoic school, by Sorabji]
|
20781
|
Non-graspable presentations are from what doesn't exist, or are not clear and distinct
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20805
|
All our concepts come from experience, directly, or by expansion, reduction or compounding
[Stoic school, by Sext.Empiricus]
|
20792
|
Stoic perception is a presentation to which one voluntarily assents
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
20782
|
Dialectic is a virtue which contains other virtues
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
1772
|
For Stoics knowledge is an assertion which never deviates from the truth
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20859
|
The best government blends democracy, monarchy and aristocracy
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20779
|
Demonstration derives what is less clear from what is clear
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
3046
|
Stoics say a wise man will commit suicide if he has a good enough reason
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
23251
|
The Stoics think that soul in the narrow sense is nothing but reason
[Stoic school, by Frede,M]
|
23321
|
Division of the soul divides a person, reducing responsibility for the nonrational part
[Stoic school, by Frede,M]
|
20785
|
Our conceptions arise from experience, similarity, analogy, transposition, composition and opposition
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
7502
|
For Stoics the true self is defined by what I can be master of
[Stoic school, by Foucault]
|
23327
|
Stoics expanded the idea of compulsion, and contracted what counts as one's own actions
[Stoic school, by Frede,M]
|
23315
|
The nearest to ancient determinism is Stoic fate, but that is controlled by a sympathetic God
[Stoic school, by Frede,M]
|
4014
|
Stoics classify passions according to the opinion of good and bad which they imply
[Stoic school, by Taylor,C]
|
23988
|
There are four basic emotions: pleasure or delight, distress, appetite, and fear
[Stoic school, by Cicero]
|
6594
|
Stoics said that correct judgement needs an invincible criterion of truth
[Stoic school, by Fogelin]
|
20804
|
Concepts are intellectual phantasms
[Stoic school, by Ps-Plutarch]
|
23322
|
Humans have rational impressions, which are conceptual, and are true or false
[Stoic school, by Frede,M]
|
23323
|
Earlier Stoics speak of assent, but not of choice, let alone of a will
[Stoic school, by Frede,M]
|
1907
|
Stoics use 'kalon' (beautiful) as a synonym for 'agathon' (good)
[Bury on Stoic school]
|
22757
|
Stoics say that folly alone is evil
[Stoic school, by Sext.Empiricus]
|
20852
|
Rapture is a breakdown of virtue
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20846
|
Prime values apply to the life in agreement; useful values apply to the natural life
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20847
|
The appraiser's value is what is set by someone experienced in the facts
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
3553
|
Stoic morality says that one's own happiness will lead to impartiality
[Stoic school, by Annas]
|
20870
|
The goal is to live consistently with the constitution of a human being
[Stoic school, by Clement]
|
22238
|
Stoics said health is an 'indifferent', but they still considered it preferable
[Stoic school, by Pormann]
|
20861
|
The health of the soul is a good blend of beliefs
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
20851
|
Virtuous men do not feel sexual desire, which merely focuses on physical beauty
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
7499
|
Stoicism was an elitist option to lead a beautiful life
[Stoic school, by Foucault]
|
20843
|
Final goods: confidence, prudence, freedom, enjoyment and no pain, good spirits, virtue
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
22753
|
Happiness for the Stoics was an equable flow of life
[Stoic school, by Sext.Empiricus]
|
20865
|
Happiness is the end and goal, achieved by living virtuously, in agreement, and according to nature
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
20840
|
Stoics say pleasure is at most a byproduct of finding what is suitable for us
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
6895
|
If humans are citizens of the world (not just a state) then virtue is all good human habits
[Stoic school, by Mautner]
|
20848
|
An appropriate action is one that can be defended, perhaps by its consistency.
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20844
|
Honour is just, courageous, orderly or knowledgeable. It is praiseworthy, or functions well
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
4012
|
The Stoics rejected entirely the high value that had been placed on contemplation
[Stoic school, by Taylor,C]
|
5073
|
Stoics do not despise external goods, but subject them to reason, and not to desire
[Taylor,R on Stoic school]
|
20862
|
Crafts like music and letters are virtuous conditions, and they accord with virtue
[Stoic school, by Stobaeus]
|
5072
|
For Stoics, obligations are determined by social role
[Taylor,R on Stoic school]
|
21396
|
Man is distinguished by knowing conditional truths, because impressions are connected
[Stoic school, by Long]
|
1781
|
Stoics favour a mixture of democracy, monarchy and aristocracy
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
21384
|
The Stoics saw the whole world as a city
[Stoic school, by Long]
|
3561
|
Stoics originated the concept of natural law, as agreed correct reasoning
[Stoic school, by Annas]
|
20858
|
Suicide is reasonable, for one's country or friends, or because of very bad health
[Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
|
3556
|
Stoic 'nature' is deterministic, physical and teleological
[Stoic school, by Annas]
|
22743
|
Unlike Epicurus, Stoics distinguish the Whole from the All, with the latter including the void
[Stoic school, by Sext.Empiricus]
|
13296
|
The cosmos has two elements - passive matter, and active cause (or reason) which shapes it
[Stoic school, by Seneca]
|
20827
|
The cosmos is regularly consumed and reorganised by the primary fire
[Stoic school, by Aristocles]
|
7815
|
Early Stoics called the logos 'god', meaning not a being, but the principle of the universe
[Stoic school]
|
6038
|
Stoics say god is matter, or an inseparable quality of it, or is the power within it
[Stoic school, by Chalcidius]
|
20829
|
Virtuous souls endure till the end, foolish souls for a short time, animal souls not at all
[Stoic school, by Eusebius]
|
6039
|
Stoics say virtuous souls last till everything ends in fire, but foolish ones fade away
[Stoic school, by ]
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