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Single Idea 23564

[filed under theme 22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / d. Ethical theory ]

Full Idea

The substructure of the ethical world is a matter of deep and unending controversy, Meanwhile, however, we are living in the superstructure.

Gist of Idea

Deep ethical theory is very controversial, but we have to live with higher ethical practice

Source

Michael Walzer (Just and Unjust Wars [1977], Pref)

Book Ref

Walzer,Michael: 'Just and Unjust Wars' [Penguin 1984], p.-5

A Reaction

This may be the best approach to ethics. Nearly all applied ethics takes the common sense consensus on values for granted. Personally I think that is because the substructure is the obvious success and failure of human functioning.

The 25 ideas from 'Just and Unjust Wars'

23564 Deep ethical theory is very controversial, but we have to live with higher ethical practice [Walzer]
23593 Jus ad bellum and Jus in bello are independent; unjust wars can be fought in a just way [Walzer]
23567 Even non-violent intrusive acts between states count as aggression, if they justify resistance [Walzer]
23570 The only good reason for fighting is in defence of rights [Walzer]
23568 If whole states possess rights, there can be social relations between states [Walzer]
23571 States can rightly pre-empt real and serious threats [Walzer]
23572 Just wars are self-defence, or a rightful intercession in another's troubles [Walzer]
23573 For moral reasons, a just war must be a limited war [Walzer]
23577 Napoleon said 'I don't care about the deaths of a million men' [Walzer]
23574 The duties and moral status of loyal and obedient soldiers is the same in defence and aggression [Walzer]
23575 We can't blame soldiers for anything they do which clearly promotes victory [Walzer]
23614 Even aggressor soldiers are not criminals, so they have equal rights with their opponents [Walzer]
23578 Double Effect needs a double intention - to achieve the good, and minimise the evil [Walzer]
23579 Soldiers will only protect civilians if they feel safe from them [Walzer]
23580 States need not endure attacks passively, and successful reprisals are legitimate [Walzer]
23581 The aim of reprisals is to enforce the rules of war [Walzer]
23582 Reprisal is defensible, as an alternative to war [Walzer]
23584 Rejecting Combatant Equality allows just soldiers to be harsher, even to the extreme [Walzer]
23586 What matters in war is unacceptable targets, not unacceptable weapons [Walzer]
23588 With nuclear weapons we have a permanent supreme emergency (which is unstable) [Walzer]
23587 Nuclear bombs are not for normal war; they undermine the 'just war', with a new morality [Walzer]
23589 Kidnapped sailors and volunteers have different obligations to the passengers [Walzer]
23590 Criminal responsibility can be fully assigned to each member of a group [Walzer]
23592 We can only lead war towards peace if we firmly enforce the rules of war [Walzer]
23591 If the oppressor is cruel, nonviolence is either surrender, or a mere gesture [Walzer]