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Single Idea 23567
[filed under theme 25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 1. War / a. Just wars
]
Full Idea
Every violation of an independent state is called aggression, which fails to differentiate between a seizure or imposition, and an actual conquest. …But what they have in common is that all aggressive acts justify forceful resistance.
Gist of Idea
Even non-violent intrusive acts between states count as aggression, if they justify resistance
Source
Michael Walzer (Just and Unjust Wars [1977], 04)
Book Ref
Walzer,Michael: 'Just and Unjust Wars' [Penguin 1984], p.52
A Reaction
[compressed] Walzer concedes that this makes 'aggression' rather imprecise, and small acts can be used as an excuse for desired violent resistance. Each entrant in August 1914 seems to have had a slightly different motive.
The
25 ideas
from 'Just and Unjust Wars'
23564
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Deep ethical theory is very controversial, but we have to live with higher ethical practice
[Walzer]
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23593
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Jus ad bellum and Jus in bello are independent; unjust wars can be fought in a just way
[Walzer]
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23568
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If whole states possess rights, there can be social relations between states
[Walzer]
|
23570
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The only good reason for fighting is in defence of rights
[Walzer]
|
23567
|
Even non-violent intrusive acts between states count as aggression, if they justify resistance
[Walzer]
|
23571
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States can rightly pre-empt real and serious threats
[Walzer]
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23572
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Just wars are self-defence, or a rightful intercession in another's troubles
[Walzer]
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23573
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For moral reasons, a just war must be a limited war
[Walzer]
|
23577
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Napoleon said 'I don't care about the deaths of a million men'
[Walzer]
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23614
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Even aggressor soldiers are not criminals, so they have equal rights with their opponents
[Walzer]
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23574
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The duties and moral status of loyal and obedient soldiers is the same in defence and aggression
[Walzer]
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23575
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We can't blame soldiers for anything they do which clearly promotes victory
[Walzer]
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23578
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Double Effect needs a double intention - to achieve the good, and minimise the evil
[Walzer]
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23579
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Soldiers will only protect civilians if they feel safe from them
[Walzer]
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23580
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States need not endure attacks passively, and successful reprisals are legitimate
[Walzer]
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23581
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The aim of reprisals is to enforce the rules of war
[Walzer]
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23582
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Reprisal is defensible, as an alternative to war
[Walzer]
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23584
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Rejecting Combatant Equality allows just soldiers to be harsher, even to the extreme
[Walzer]
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23588
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With nuclear weapons we have a permanent supreme emergency (which is unstable)
[Walzer]
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23587
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Nuclear bombs are not for normal war; they undermine the 'just war', with a new morality
[Walzer]
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23586
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What matters in war is unacceptable targets, not unacceptable weapons
[Walzer]
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23590
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Criminal responsibility can be fully assigned to each member of a group
[Walzer]
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23589
|
Kidnapped sailors and volunteers have different obligations to the passengers
[Walzer]
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23592
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We can only lead war towards peace if we firmly enforce the rules of war
[Walzer]
|
23591
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If the oppressor is cruel, nonviolence is either surrender, or a mere gesture
[Walzer]
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