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Single Idea 23578

[filed under theme 20. Action / C. Motives for Action / 5. Action Dilemmas / b. Double Effect ]

Full Idea

Double effect is defensible, I want to argue, only when the two outcomes are the product of a double intention - that 'good' be achieved, and that the foreseeable evil be reduced as far as possible.

Gist of Idea

Double Effect needs a double intention - to achieve the good, and minimise the evil

Source

Michael Walzer (Just and Unjust Wars [1977], 09)

Book Ref

Walzer,Michael: 'Just and Unjust Wars' [Penguin 1984], p.155

A Reaction

A good proposal, I think. We have to accept evil side effects sometimes, but it is immoral to pursue some good 'whatever the cost'.

The 14 ideas with the same theme [assessing effects against side effects of an act]:

22384 A 'double effect' is a foreseen but not desired side-effect, which may be forgivable [Foot]
22385 The doctrine of double effect can excuse an outcome because it wasn't directly intended [Foot]
22386 Double effect says foreseeing you will kill someone is not the same as intending it [Foot]
22387 Without double effect, bad men can make us do evil by threatening something worse [Foot]
22388 Double effect seems to rely on a distinction between what we do and what we allow [Foot]
22466 We see a moral distinction between our aims and their foreseen consequences [Foot]
22465 We see a moral distinction between doing and allowing to happen [Foot]
22467 Acts and omissions only matter if they concern doing something versus allowing it [Foot]
23578 Double Effect needs a double intention - to achieve the good, and minimise the evil [Walzer]
4657 Double Effect: no bad acts with good consequences, but possibly good acts despite bad consequences [Glover]
6896 Double effect is the distinction between what is foreseen and what is intended [Mautner]
6897 Double effect acts need goodness, unintended evil, good not caused by evil, and outweighing [Mautner]
7293 It is legitimate to do harm if it is the unintended side-effect of an effort to achieve a good [Grayling]
20068 Describing a death as a side-effect rather than a goal may just be good public relations [Stout,R]